1. We estimated the two regression models using the BWGHT.DTA data; you should be able to open the data sets and find what each variable stands for. Use output (1) to answer questions (a) and (b); output (2) to answer question (c); and both outputs to answer question (d): (1). reg ibwght cigs lfamine parity male white Source I ss MS Mumber of obs 1,308 13.69 0.0000 0.0472 0.0437 F(S, 1382) Model I 2.37917499 Residual I 48.0411586 .475834999 034762054 Prob > 7 1,382 R-squared Adj R-aquared Root MSE Total | 50.4203336 1,387 036352079 .18645 lbwght I Coef. Std. Err. (95 Conf. Interval) cigs I lfamine I 0.000 0.118 0.005 -.0043502 0008518 0059308 -.0060212 -.002357 0049213 -.0026791 .0209118 -5.11 .0092774 1.56 parity I male I .0159828 0265458 .0056388 0100295 0130518 2.83 .0270443 2.65 0.008 .0068711 .0462206 080391 4.701193 white I .0547875 4.20 0.000 029184 cons I םרר657 .4 .0221653 210.14 0.000 4.61423 (2). reg lbwght cigs lfamine parity male white mothedue fathedue Source I 1,191 8.76 0.0000 0.0493 df MS Mumber of obs Model I Residual | F(7, 1183) Prob > F 2.073938 .296276857 39.9911354 1,183 .033804848 R-squared Adj R-squared 0.0437 Total I 42.0650733 1,190 035348801 Root MSE .18386 lbwght I Coef. Std. Err. (95 Conf. Interval] -5.08 cigs | lfamine | -.0052144 .0010268 .0085404 0.000 -.0072288 -.0031999 0277876 .0110315 1.29 0.197 -.0057247 0172014 .034143 .0061335 2.80 0.005 parity I male I white I motheduc I -.0029763 fatheduc I cons I .0051676 0292351 .0551404 .0107022 3.19 0.001 .0131455 .0453991 .015087 3.01 0.003 .0157988 .0749993 0029731 -1.00 0.317 -.0088094 .0028568 .0026084 1.26 0.209 0.000 .0032763 -.0018413 .008394 4.652674 .0381545 121.94 4.577816 27532ר.4 (a) Interpret the coefficient on the variable cigs. In particular, what is the effect on birthweight from smoking 10 or more cigarettes a day? (b) How much more is a white child predicted to weigh than a nonwhite child, holding the other factors fixed? Is the difference statistically significant? (c) Comment on the estimated effect and the statistical significance of mother's education. (d) Test for the joint significance of the two variables, mother's education and father's education at the five percent level of significance. Properly state the null and alternative hypotheses, decision rule, critical F statistic, and then state your decision.