Question in the picture .ndg uose(f02019 Pearson Education, Inc.B. Caves that develop incarbonate rocks are sites wherecalcium carbonate (calcite) isdeposited as dripstone.C. Sand dunes consist ofwell-sorted sand-size grainsdeposited by wind.D. Inland seas and lakes in aridenvironments where evaporationexceeds precipitation produceevaporite deposits such as halite andgypsum.A. Beaches that form where waveactivity is strong; consist mainly ofpebbles and cobbles.E. Glacial deposits often consistof a poorly-sorted mixture of manydifferent sediment sizes from clayto boulders.SaltflatAlluvial fansLakeL Beaches, bars, and spits alonglow-lying coasts and in shelteredcoves are typically composed ofwell-sorted sand, or shell fragments.Playa lakeF. Swamps and bogs arequiet-water environments wheremud and decayed plant materialaccumulate.EstuarySwampDeep-seafansDeltaTurbidity currentK. Deep marine environmentsadjacent to the continental slopecontain sediments that wereG. Streams in mountainous areaserode and deposit a wide variety ofsediment while those in lowlandsareas transport and deposit mostlymud (silt and clay) and sand.transported by turbidity currents.Each layer has coarser material atthe bottom and finer material onH. Tidal flats and lagoons areareas where fine clay particles orcarbonate-rich muds accumulate.J. Shallow marine environmentsare sites where sand, clay, andcarbonate-rich muds aredeposited. Ripple marks causedby waves may be present.1. Coral reefs are massive limestonestructures that form in warm, shallowclear seas and are composed ofmaterial secreted by corals and othermarine life.top.A Figure 2.16 Sedimentary environments. (Photos A and C by Michael Collier; photo B by Dennis Tasa; photo D by USGS; photo F by Mason Jar/Shutterstock; photo G by Alan Majchrowicz/AGE Fotostock3Bphoto H by Barrett & MacKay/Glow Images: photo I by Radius/Superstock; photo J by E. J. Tarbuck; photo K by Marli Miller; photo L by Pixachi/Superstock)39 Matam OTPriEDennis Tasa©2019 Pearson Education, Inc.40 Applications and Investigations in Earth ScienceACTIVITY 2.7Identifying Sedimentary Environments1. Use Figure 2.16 to identify the environment(s) (A-L) where the sediment for the following sedimentary rocks couldhave been deposited.Rock gypsum:Conglomerate:Sandstone:Shale:Bituminous coal:Travertine:2. Briefly describe the environment that is associated with the formation of coral reefs.3. The rocks in Zion National Park, Utah, consist oflayers of well-sorted quartz sandstone, shown inFigure 2.17. Describe the environment that existedwhen these sediments were deposited. (Hint:Examine the sedimentary environments shownin Figure 2.16.)Figure 2.17 The orange and yellow cliffs of Utah's ZionNational Park.FOLIATION2.8 Identifying Metamorphic RocksBefore metamorphism(Confining pressure)After metamorphism(Differential stress)- Use an identification key to identify metamorphicrocks based on their texture and mineral composition.Extensive areas of metamorphic rocks are exposed on everycontinent in the relatively flat regions known as shields. Theyare also located in the cores of mountains and buried beneathsedimentary rocks on the continents.Metamorphic TexturesDuring metamorphism, new minerals often form and/or exist-ing minerals grow larger as the intensity of metamorphismincreases. Frequently, mineral crystals that are elongated(such as hornblende) or have a sheet structure (for example,the micas-biotite and muscovite) become oriented perpen-dicular to compressional forces. The resulting parallel, linearalignment of mineral crystals is called foliation (Figure 2.18).Foliation is associated with many metamorphic rocks andgives them a layered or banded appearance.Figure 2.18 Under directed pressure, linear or platy miner-als, such as the micas, become reoriented or recrystallized sothat their surfaces are aligned at right angles to the stress. Theresulting planar orientation of mineral grains is called foliation.

Answered: 1. Use Figure 2.16 to identify the…

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)

9th Edition

ISBN:9780134746241

Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1LR

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Question

Question in the picture

.ndg uose
(f
02019 Pearson Education, Inc.
B. Caves that develop in
carbonate rocks are sites where
calcium carbonate (calcite) is
deposited as dripstone.
C. Sand dunes consist of
well-sorted sand-size grains
deposited by wind.
D. Inland seas and lakes in arid
environments where evaporation
exceeds precipitation produce
evaporite deposits such as halite and
gypsum.
A. Beaches that form where wave
activity is strong; consist mainly of
pebbles and cobbles.
E. Glacial deposits often consist
of a poorly-sorted mixture of many
different sediment sizes from clay
to boulders.
Salt
flat
Alluvial fans
Lake
L Beaches, bars, and spits along
low-lying coasts and in sheltered
coves are typically composed of
well-sorted sand, or shell fragments.
Playa lake
F. Swamps and bogs are
quiet-water environments where
mud and decayed plant material
accumulate.
Estuary
Swamp
Deep-sea
fans
Delta
Turbidity current
K. Deep marine environments
adjacent to the continental slope
contain sediments that were
G. Streams in mountainous areas
erode and deposit a wide variety of
sediment while those in lowlands
areas transport and deposit mostly
mud (silt and clay) and sand.
transported by turbidity currents.
Each layer has coarser material at
the bottom and finer material on
H. Tidal flats and lagoons are
areas where fine clay particles or
carbonate-rich muds accumulate.
J. Shallow marine environments
are sites where sand, clay, and
carbonate-rich muds are
deposited. Ripple marks caused
by waves may be present.
1. Coral reefs are massive limestone
structures that form in warm, shallow
clear seas and are composed of
material secreted by corals and other
marine life.
top.
A Figure 2.16 Sedimentary environments. (Photos A and C by Michael Collier; photo B by Dennis Tasa; photo D by USGS; photo F by Mason Jar/Shutterstock; photo G by Alan Majchrowicz/AGE Fotostock3B
photo H by Barrett & MacKay/Glow Images: photo I by Radius/Superstock; photo J by E. J. Tarbuck; photo K by Marli Miller; photo L by Pixachi/Superstock)
39

Matam OTPriE
Dennis Tasa
©2019 Pearson Education, Inc.
40 Applications and Investigations in Earth Science
ACTIVITY 2.7
Identifying Sedimentary Environments
1. Use Figure 2.16 to identify the environment(s) (A-L) where the sediment for the following sedimentary rocks could
have been deposited.
Rock gypsum:
Conglomerate:
Sandstone:
Shale:
Bituminous coal:
Travertine:
2. Briefly describe the environment that is associated with the formation of coral reefs.
3. The rocks in Zion National Park, Utah, consist of
layers of well-sorted quartz sandstone, shown in
Figure 2.17. Describe the environment that existed
when these sediments were deposited. (Hint:
Examine the sedimentary environments shown
in Figure 2.16.)
Figure 2.17 The orange and yellow cliffs of Utah's Zion
National Park.
FOLIATION
2.8 Identifying Metamorphic Rocks
Before metamorphism
(Confining pressure)
After metamorphism
(Differential stress)
- Use an identification key to identify metamorphic
rocks based on their texture and mineral composition.
Extensive areas of metamorphic rocks are exposed on every
continent in the relatively flat regions known as shields. They
are also located in the cores of mountains and buried beneath
sedimentary rocks on the continents.
Metamorphic Textures
During metamorphism, new minerals often form and/or exist-
ing minerals grow larger as the intensity of metamorphism
increases. Frequently, mineral crystals that are elongated
(such as hornblende) or have a sheet structure (for example,
the micas-biotite and muscovite) become oriented perpen-
dicular to compressional forces. The resulting parallel, linear
alignment of mineral crystals is called foliation (Figure 2.18).
Foliation is associated with many metamorphic rocks and
gives them a layered or banded appearance.
Figure 2.18 Under directed pressure, linear or platy miner-
als, such as the micas, become reoriented or recrystallized so
that their surfaces are aligned at right angles to the stress. The
resulting planar orientation of mineral grains is called foliation.

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The weathering agents like air, water, glaciers, etc., have the ability to erode rocks, transport the eroded material, and at last, drop these, which is called sedimentation. Later, due to compaction, these sediments solidify to become rocks, called sedimentary rocks. There is a wide variety of sedimentary rocks. From the sedimentary rocks, we can identify their forming environment.