1. The Journal of the National Cancer Institute published the following results from a study they conducted. They randomly selected American adult males. Using the data, calculate the following, if a adult male is randomly selected. a. Find the probability that the male never smoked and died from Cancer. b. Find the probability that the male was a,current smoker and died from Cancer. c. Find the probability that the male died from Cancer given he never smoked. d. Find the probability that the male died from Cancer given he was a current smoker. e. Compare the probabilities in parts a and b and the probabilities in parts c and d. In one or two sentences interpret the comparisons and the relationship between smoking and cancer. Table 1: Smoking and Cancer Died From Cancer Did not die from Cancer Totals Never Smoked 773 138884 Former Smoker 181 8557 Current Smoker 296 6015 Totals 154706

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
icon
Related questions
Topic Video
Question
I need help with “E”.
### Smoking and Cancer Study

The Journal of the National Cancer Institute published findings from a recent study they conducted on the impact of smoking on cancer mortality. They randomly selected American adult males for the study. Using the provided data, answer the following questions based on the probability calculations if an adult male is randomly selected:

1. **Questions:**
   a. Find the probability that a male never smoked and died from cancer.
   b. Find the probability that a male was a current smoker and died from cancer.
   c. Find the probability that a male died from cancer given he never smoked.
   d. Find the probability that a male died from cancer given he was a current smoker.
   e. Compare the probabilities in parts **a** and **b**, and the probabilities in parts **c** and **d**. In one or two sentences interpret the comparisons and the relationship between smoking and cancer.

2. **Data Table:**
   
   **Table 1: Smoking and Cancer**

   | Smoking Status    | Died From Cancer | Did Not Die from Cancer | Totals  |
   |-------------------|------------------|-------------------------|---------|
   | Never Smoked      | 773              | 138,884                 |         |
   | Former Smoker     | 181              | 8,557                   |         |
   | Current Smoker    | 296              | 6,015                   |         |
   | **Totals**        |                  |                         | 154,706 |

**Explanation of Table:**
- **Never Smoked:** Out of the sampled population, 773 males who never smoked died from cancer, whereas 138,884 males who never smoked did not die from cancer.
- **Former Smoker:** 181 males who were former smokers died from cancer, while 8,557 did not die from cancer.
- **Current Smoker:** Among current smokers, 296 died from cancer, and 6,015 did not die from cancer.
- **Totals:** The total number of subjects in the study is 154,706.

**Next Steps:**
- Use the data from Table 1 to perform the probability calculations for each of the questions.
- Analyze the relationship between smoking status and cancer mortality by comparing your calculated probabilities.
Transcribed Image Text:### Smoking and Cancer Study The Journal of the National Cancer Institute published findings from a recent study they conducted on the impact of smoking on cancer mortality. They randomly selected American adult males for the study. Using the provided data, answer the following questions based on the probability calculations if an adult male is randomly selected: 1. **Questions:** a. Find the probability that a male never smoked and died from cancer. b. Find the probability that a male was a current smoker and died from cancer. c. Find the probability that a male died from cancer given he never smoked. d. Find the probability that a male died from cancer given he was a current smoker. e. Compare the probabilities in parts **a** and **b**, and the probabilities in parts **c** and **d**. In one or two sentences interpret the comparisons and the relationship between smoking and cancer. 2. **Data Table:** **Table 1: Smoking and Cancer** | Smoking Status | Died From Cancer | Did Not Die from Cancer | Totals | |-------------------|------------------|-------------------------|---------| | Never Smoked | 773 | 138,884 | | | Former Smoker | 181 | 8,557 | | | Current Smoker | 296 | 6,015 | | | **Totals** | | | 154,706 | **Explanation of Table:** - **Never Smoked:** Out of the sampled population, 773 males who never smoked died from cancer, whereas 138,884 males who never smoked did not die from cancer. - **Former Smoker:** 181 males who were former smokers died from cancer, while 8,557 did not die from cancer. - **Current Smoker:** Among current smokers, 296 died from cancer, and 6,015 did not die from cancer. - **Totals:** The total number of subjects in the study is 154,706. **Next Steps:** - Use the data from Table 1 to perform the probability calculations for each of the questions. - Analyze the relationship between smoking status and cancer mortality by comparing your calculated probabilities.
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Research Design Formulation
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Recommended textbooks for you
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:
9781119256830
Author:
Amos Gilat
Publisher:
John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th…
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th…
Statistics
ISBN:
9781305251809
Author:
Jay L. Devore
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C…
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C…
Statistics
ISBN:
9781305504912
Author:
Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E…
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E…
Statistics
ISBN:
9780134683416
Author:
Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:
PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:
9781319042578
Author:
David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:
9781319013387
Author:
David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman