1. The following table shows information on equilibrium price and different costs at the profit maximizing/loss minimizing point for a perfect competitive firm. Equilibrium Price Quantity of output produced Total Revenue Average total cost per unit Total Cost Average variable cost Total Fixed cost Profit/Loss $3 60units $12 $4 (a) Calculate and fill in the missing information of the table. Is the perfect competitive firm incurring a loss or a profit? Based on your calculation state whether the firm should continue in the market or leave the market?
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- Paulina sells beef in a competitive market where the price is $8 per pound. Her total revenue and total costs are given in the table below. Quantity of Total revenue Total cost beef (lb.) 0 1 2 3 4 ($) 0 8 16 24 32 ($) 4 8 13 19 27 Profit ($) 0 8 pounds Marginal revenue ($) c. What is the profit-maximizing (or loss-minimizing) quantity? Marginal Marginal cost ($) profit ($) a. Complete the table. Instructions: Enter your answers as a whole number. If you are entering any negative numbers be sure to include a negative sign (-) in front of those numbers. b. At what quantity does marginal revenue equal marginal cost? pounds A4. Profit maximization in the cost-curve diagram The following graph plots daily cost curves for a firm operating in the competitive market for motor scooters. Hint: Once you have positioned the rectangle on the graph, select a point to observe its coordinates. PRICE (Dollars per scooter) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 40 30 ATC 20 MC AVC 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 QUANTITY (Thousands of scooters per day) Profit or Loss ? In the short run, given a market price equal to $45 per scooter, the firm should produce a daily quantity of 45,000 scooters. On the preceding graph, use the blue rectangle (circle symbols) to fill in the area that represents profit or loss of the firm given the market price of $45 and the quantity of production from your previous answer. Note: In the following question, enter a positive number regardless of whether the firm earns a profit or incurs a loss. The rectangular area represents a short-run of $ thousand per day for the firm.9. Problems and Applications Q9 The market for apple pies in the city of Ectenia is competitive and has the following demand schedule: Each producer in the market has a fixed cost of $6 and the following marginal cost: Quantity Marginal Cost (Dollars) 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 Complete the following table by computing the total cost and average total cost for each quantity produced. Quantity Total Cost Average Total Cost (Ples) (Dollars) (Dollars) 1 2 3 4 3 8 10 12 14 The price of a pie is now $11. At a price of $11, making a profit of O True O Fal pies are sold in the market. Each producer makes True or False: The market is in long-run equilibrium. Suppose that in the long run there is free entry and exit. In the long run, each producer earns a profit of each producer makes pies, so there are The market price is producers operating. pies, so there are At this price, producers in this market, each pies are sold in this market, and
- Figure: Cost Curves for Corn Producers Price, cost of bushel $30 26 MC 22 18 ATC AVC 14 10 1 3 4 7 Quantity of corn (bushels) Reference: Ref 12-3 (Figure: Cost Curves for Corn Producers) Look at the figure Cost Curves for Corn Producers. The market for corn is perfectly competitive. If the price of a bushel of corn is $10, in the short run, the farmer will produce of corn and earn an ec omic equal to 2 bushels; profit; $0 2 bushels; loss; just more than $80 per bushel 3 bushels; profit; loss, -$15 4 bushels; profit; just less than $80 per bushel5. Profit maximization and shutting down in the short run The following graph plots daily cost curves for a firm operating in the competitive market for rompers. PRICE (Dollars per romper) 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 2 MC 27.50 45.00 4 ATC AVC 6 8 10 12 14 QUANTITY (Thousands of rompers) 16 Price Quantity (Dollars per romper) (Rompers) 12.50 18 20 Using the following table, for each price level, calculate the optimal quantity of units for the firm to produce. Using the data from the graph to determine the firm's total variable cost, calculate the profit or loss associated with producing that quantity. Assume that if the firm is indifferent between producing and shutting down, it will choose to produce. (Hint: Select purple points [diamond symbols] on the graph to receive exact average variable cost information.) ? Total Revenue (Dollars) Fixed Cost Variable Cost (Dollars) (Dollars) 135,000 135,000 135,000 Profit (Dollars) If the firm shuts down, it must incur its fixed costs (FC)…3. The components of marginal revenue Asim's HookNLadder is the only company selling fire engines in the fictional country of Alexandrina. Asim initially produced seven trucks, but then decided to increase production to eight trucks. The following graph gives the demand curve faced by Asim's HookNLadder. As the graph shows, in order to sell the additional fire truck, Asim must lower the price from $100,000 to $50,000 per truck. Notice that Asim gains revenue from the sale of the additional engine, but at the same time, he loses revenue from the initial seven engines because they are all sold at the lower price. Use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade the area representing the revenue lost from the initial seven engines by selling at $50,000 rather than $100,000. Then use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing the revenue gained from selling an additional engine at $50,000. PRICE (Thousands of dollars per fire engine) 275 250 Asim 225 200 175…
- 4. Study Questions and Problems #4 The market equilibrium price for wheat is $4 per bushel. On the following graph, use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the marginal revenue curve for a typical wheat farmer. Use the orange line (square symbol) to plot the total revenue curve for this farmer. TOTAL REVENUE & MARGINAL REVENUE (Dollars per bushel) 10 9 9 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8 9 10 QUANTITY (Bushels) Marginal Revenue Total Revenue ? True or False: Marginal revenue is the change in total revenue per bushel. In this case, $4 is the marginal revenue that remains constant and equal to price. True FalseLisa’s Lawn Company (LLC) is a lawn-mowing business in a perfectly competitive market for lawn-mowing services. The following table sets out Lisa’s costs. Quantity (Lawns per hour Total Cost (dollars per lawn) 0 $30 1 40 2 55 3 75 4 100 5 130 6 165 If the market price is $30 per lawn, how many lawns per hour does Lisa’s LLC mow? If the market price is $30 per lawn, what is Lisa’s profit in the short run? If the market price falls to $20 per lawn, how many lawns per hour does Lisa’s LLC mow?PRICE (Cents per bushel) COST (Cents per bushel) 100 90 80 70 60 50 ATC 40 30 20 10 AVC MC 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 OUTPUT (Thousands of bushels) The following graph shows the market demand for wheat. 1. Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve for the wheat industry. Specifically, place an orange point at the lowest point of the supply curve and another orange point at the highest point of the supply curve. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output, since this is the industry supply curve. Plot your points in the order in which you would like them connected. Line segments will connect the points automatically.) 2. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the short-run equilibrium price and quantity in this market. (Note: Dashed drop lines will automatically extend to both axes.) 100 90 80 60 30 20 2 2 2 2 8 8 2 2 2 2 ° 0 Demand 350 700 1050 1400 1750…
- 4. Profit maximization using total cost and total revenue curves Suppose Sharon runs a small business that manufactures shirts. Assume that the market for shirts is a price-taker market, and the market price is $10 per shirt. The following graph shows Sharon's total cost curve. Use the blue points (circle symbol) to plot total revenue, and the green points (triangle symbol) to plot profit for the first seven shirts that Sharon produces, including zero shirts. 125 T 100 75 0 -50 30 20 15 0 1 0 2 1 3 4 5 QUANTITY (Shirts) 2 Calculate Sharon's marginal revenue and marginal cost for the first seven shirts she produces, and plot them on the following graph. Use the blue points (circle symbol) to plot marginal revenue and the orange points (square symbol) to plot marginal cost. 3 5 QUANTITY (Shirts) 4 П 6 Total Cost ☐ 6 7 -O 8 Sharon's profit is maximized when she produces which is than would maximize her profit) is $, which is maximizing quantity corresponds to the Intersection of the last…Concept: Revenue of a Firm Farmer Jones grows oranges in Florida. Suppose the market for oranges is perfectly competitive and that the market price for a crate of oranges is $11 per crate. Fill in total revenue, average revenue, and marginal revenue in the table below. (Enter your responses as integers.) Average Marginal Revenue Crates of Market Price Total Revenue Revenue (per crate) $11 Oranges (TR) (AR) (MR) $ 1 11 $ $ 2 11 3 11 4 11 5 11The table below shows the total costs faced by Gregory's Jewelry firm for different quantities of necklaces sold. Quantity 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total Cost $64 $79 $98 $120 $145 $171 $198 $228 $262 $305 $353 Gregory's Jewelry firm sells necklaces in a perfectly competitive market with a downward sloping demand curve and an upward sloping supply curve. The market price is $32/unit. A. Calculate the average fixed cost of producing 8 units. Show your work. B. Identify the profit maximizing quantity. Explain using marginal analysis. C. Calculate the economic profit at the profit maximizing quantity you identified in Part B. Show your work. D. Based on your answer to Part C, will the number of firms in the industry increase, decrease, or stay the same in the long run? Explain. E. Based on your answer to Part C, will the market price increase, decrease, or stay the same in the long run? Explain. F. The income elasticity of demand for necklaces is -3 and the cross price elasticity of demand…