Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity 10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399074
Author: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
1 Basic Concepts Of Chemistry 2 Atoms Molecules And Ions 3 Chemical Reactions 4 Stoichiometry: Quantitative Information About Chemical Reactions 5 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: Energy And Chemical Reactions 6 The Structure Of Atoms 7 The Structure Of Atoms And Periodic Trends 8 Bonding And Molecular Structure 9 Bonding And Molecular Structure: Orbital Hybridization And Molecular Orbitals 10 Gases And Their Properties 11 Intermolecular Forces And Liquids 12 The Solid State 13 Solutions And Their Behavior 14 Chemical Kinetics: The Rates Of Chemical Reactions 15 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: Equilibria 16 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: The Chemistry Of Acids And Bases 17 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: Other Aspects Of Aqueous Equilibria 18 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: Entropy And Free Energy 19 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: Electron Transfer Reactions 20 Environmental Chemistry-earth's Environment, Energy, And Sustainability 21 The Chemistry Of The Main Group Elements 22 The Chemistry Of The Transistion Elements 23 Carbon: Not Just Another Element 24 Biochemistry 25 Nuclear Chemistry Chapter21: The Chemistry Of The Main Group Elements
21.1 Abundance Of The Elements 21.2 The Periodic Table: A Guide To The Elements 21.3 Hydrogen 21.4 The Alkali Metals, Group 1a 21.5 The Alkaline Earth Elements, Group 2a 21.6 Boron, Aluminum, And The Group 3a Elements 21.7 Silicon And The Group 4a Elements 21.8 Nitrogen, Phosphorous, And The Group 5a Elements 21.9 Oxygen, Sulfur, And The Group 6a Elements 21.10 The Halogens, Group 7a 21.11 The Noble Gases, Group 8a Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1PS: Which of the following formulas is incorrect? (a) CaH2 (b) CaI2 (c) CaS (d) Ca2O3 Problem 2PS: The reaction of elemental phosphorus and excess oxygen produces P4O10. Name the compound. (a)... Problem 3PS: Like sulfur, selenium forms compounds in several different oxidation states. Which of the following... Problem 4PS Problem 5PS: Give examples of two basic oxides. Write equations illustrating the formation of each oxide from its... Problem 6PS Problem 7PS Problem 8PS Problem 9PS Problem 10PS Problem 11PS: For the product of the reaction you selected in Study Question 9, predict the following physical... Problem 12PS: For the product of the reaction you selected in Study Question 10, predict the following physical... Problem 13PS Problem 14PS Problem 15PS: Place the following oxides in order of increasing basicity: CO2, SiO2, SnO2. Problem 16PS: Place the following oxides in order of increasing basicity: Na2O, Al2O3, SiO2, SO3. Problem 17PS Problem 18PS Problem 19PS Problem 20PS Problem 21PS Problem 22PS Problem 23PS Problem 24PS Problem 25PS Problem 26PS Problem 27PS Problem 28PS: The compound Na2O2 consists of (a) two Na+ ions and two O2 ions (b) molecules of Na2O2 (c) two Na+... Problem 29PS Problem 30PS: Write balanced equations for the reaction of lithium, sodium, and potassium with O2. Specify which... Problem 31PS Problem 32PS: (a) Write equations for the half-reactions that occur at the cathode and the anode when an aqueous... Problem 33PS Problem 34PS Problem 35PS: When magnesium bums in air, it forms both an oxide and a nitride. Write balanced equations for the... Problem 36PS Problem 37PS Problem 38PS Problem 39PS: Calcium oxide, CaO, is used to remove SO2 from power plant exhaust. These two compounds react to... Problem 40PS Problem 41PS Problem 42PS: The element below aluminum in Group 3A is gallium, and there are numerous similarities in the... Problem 43PS Problem 44PS: The boron trihalides (except BF3) hydrolyze completely to boric acid and the acid HX. (a) Write a... Problem 45PS: When boron hydrides burn in air, the reactions are very exothermic (a) Write a balanced equation for... Problem 46PS Problem 47PS: Write balanced equations for the reactions of aluminum with HCl(aq), Cl2, and O2. Problem 48PS Problem 49PS Problem 50PS: Alumina, Al2O3, is amphoteric. Among examples of its amphoteric character are the reactions that... Problem 51PS Problem 52PS Problem 53PS Problem 54PS: Silicon and oxygen form a six-membered ring in the silicate anion [Si3O9]6. What is the oxidation... Problem 55PS: Describe the structure of pyroxenes (see page 986). What is the ratio of silicon to oxygen in this... Problem 56PS: Describe how ultrapure silicon can be produced from sand. Problem 57PS Problem 58PS Problem 59PS Problem 60PS Problem 61PS Problem 62PS Problem 63PS Problem 64PS: The overall reaction involved in the industrial synthesis of nitric acid is... Problem 65PS Problem 66PS Problem 67PS Problem 68PS Problem 69PS Problem 70PS: Which statement about oxygen is not true? (a) Liquid oxygen is aft farted to a magnet (b) The... Problem 71PS Problem 72PS Problem 73PS Problem 74PS: Sulfur forms a range of compounds with fluorine. Draw Lewis electron dot structures for S2F2... Problem 75PS Problem 76PS: Which of the following statements is not correct? (a) The ease of oxidation of the halide ions is F ... Problem 77PS: The halogen oxides and oxoanions are good oxidizing agents. For example, the reduction of bromate... Problem 78PS Problem 79PS: Bromine is obtained from brine wells. The process involves treating water containing bromide ion... Problem 80PS Problem 81PS Problem 82PS: Halogens combine with one another to produce interhalogens such as BrF3. Sketch a possible molecular... Problem 83PS Problem 84PS Problem 85PS: The standard enthalpy of formation of XeF4 is 218 kJ/mol. Use this value and the enthalpy of... Problem 86PS: Draw the Lewis electron dot structure for XeO3F2. What is its electron-pair geometry and its... Problem 87PS Problem 88PS Problem 89GQ Problem 90GQ Problem 91GQ: Consider the chemistries of the elements potassium, calcium, gallium, germanium, and arsenic. (a)... Problem 92GQ: When BCl3 gas is passed through an electric discharge, small amounts of the reactive molecule B2Cl4... Problem 93GQ Problem 94GQ Problem 95GQ Problem 96GQ Problem 97GQ Problem 98GQ Problem 99GQ Problem 100GQ Problem 101GQ Problem 102GQ Problem 103GQ Problem 105GQ Problem 106GQ Problem 107GQ: A Boron and hydrogen form an extensive family of compounds, and the diagram below shows how they are... Problem 108GQ: In 1774, C. Scheele obtained a gas by reacting pyrolusite (MnO2) with sulfuric acid. The gas, which... Problem 110GQ: The chemistry of gallium: (a) Gallium hydroxide, like aluminum hydroxide, is amphoteric. Write a... Problem 111GQ Problem 112GQ Problem 113GQ Problem 114GQ Problem 115IL Problem 116IL Problem 117IL Problem 118IL Problem 119IL Problem 120IL Problem 121SCQ Problem 122SCQ Problem 123SCQ Problem 124SCQ Problem 125SCQ Problem 126SCQ Problem 127SCQ Problem 128SCQ Problem 129SCQ: Comparing the chemistry of carbon and silicon. (a) Write balanced chemical equations for the... Problem 130SCQ Problem 131SCQ: Xenon trioxide, XeO3, reacts with aqueous base to form the xenate anion, HXeO4. This ion reacts... Problem 122SCQ
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1. Tantalum is rare, hard, blue-gray, lustrous transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant. It has a density of 16.4 kg/L and a molecular weight of 180.948 g/mol. What is the (A) atomic radius in cm, (B) volume in cm^3 of Ta if it adopts the body centered cubic unit structure and (C) volume of unit cell
Definition Definition Elements containing partially filled d-subshell in their ground state configuration. Elements in the d-block of the periodic table receive the last or valence electron in the d-orbital. The groups from IIIB to VIIIB and IB to IIB comprise the d-block elements.
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