Subject: Fundamental Surveying 1. Surveying is defined as the art and science of determining angular and linear measurements toestablish the form, extent, and relative position of points, lines, and areas on or near the surface ofthe earth or on extra-terrestrial bodies througha. pure mathematics and the social scienceb. applied mathematics and the use of specialized equipment and techniquesfield observation and measurements.C.2. The procedure of computing linear error of closure and applying corrections to the individuallatitudes and departures for the purpose of providing a mathematically closed figure is referred toasа.Triangulationb. traverse adjustment c. error distribution3. A common method employed in designating the direction of a line is by the use of azimuths. Theazimuth of a line is its direction as given by the angle between the meridian and the measuredfrom either the east and west branch of the reference parallel in a clockwise direction.in a counterclockwise direction from the north branch of the meridian.in a clockwise direction from either the north or south branch of the meridian.а.b.С.4. The base and altitude of a triangular lot were measured with certain estimated probable errors asfollows: b= 215.50±0.18m and h= 69.40±0.16m. The probable error in the resulting calculation isb. ± 34.34 sq.m.+ 0.0288 sq.m.C. + 36.67 sq.m.а.5. A surveyor counted 50, 52, 53, 51, 53, and 51 paces I walking along a 45-m course laid out on aconcrete pavement. He then took 768, 771, 772, 770, 769, and 770 paces in walking an unknowndistance XY. Calculate the pace factor.а. 1.148 m/расеb. 0.001 m/pacec. 0.871 m/pace6. In problem no. 5, Compute the length XY.b. 715. 67 ma. 670.67 mc. 883. 96m7. A line measured with 30m steel tape was recorded as 325. 70m. If the tape is found to be 0.05mtoo long during measurement, determine the correct length.а. 325. 16mb. 326. 24mc. 325.70m8. A steel tape with a cross sectional area of 0.03 cm² is 30m long under a pull of 5 kg when supportedthroughout. It is used in measuring a line 875.63m long under a steady pull of 10kg. Assuming E =2 x 106 kg/cm². Solve the elongation of the tape due to increase in tension.а.0.50mb. 0.0025mc. 0.043m9. In problem 8, compute the correct length of the measured line.c. 875.60ma. 875.68mb. 875. 70m10. A line measured with a 50m long steel tape was determined to be 645.22 m when the averagetemperature during taping was 15.75°C. If the tape is of standard length at 20°C and the coefficientof thermal expansion of steel is 0.0000116/°C, compute the correct length.a. 645.9mb. 645.21mc. 645.20m

As per Bartleby regulations we are only supposed to solve three sub-parts 1. The option here is b.…

1. Surveying is defined as the art and science of determining angular and linear measurements to establish the form, extent, and relative position of points, lines, and areas on or near the surface of the earth or on extra-terrestrial bodies through a. pure mathematics and the social science b. applied mathematics and the use of specialized equipment and techniques c. field observation and measurements. 2. The procedure of computing linear error of closure and applying corrections to the individual latitudes and departures for the purpose of providing a mathematically closed figure is referred to as a. Triangulation b. traverse adjustment c. error distribution 3. A common method employed in designating the direction of a line is by the use of azimuths. The azimuth of a line is its direction as given by the angle between the meridian and the measured a. from either the east and west branch of the reference parallel in a clockwise direction. in a counterclockwise direction from the north branch of the meridian. in a clockwise direction from either the north or south branch of the meridian. b. c.