1. SSSSS’ operating income (EBIT) is P500,000. The company’s tax rate is 40 percent, and its operating cash flow is P450,000. The company’s interest expense is P100,000. What is the company’s net cash flow? (Assume that depreciation is the only non-cash item in the firm’s financial statements.) 2. An analyst has collected the following information regarding YYYYY: Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) = P700 million. Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) = P850 million. Interest expense = P200 million. The corporate tax rate is 40 percent. Depreciation is the company’s only non-cash expense or revenue. What is the company’s net cash flow? 3. At the beginning of the year, KKKKK had P100,000 in cash. The company undertook a major expansion during this same year. Looking at its statement of cash flows, you see that the net cash provided by its operations was P300,000 and the company’s investing activities required cash expenditures of P800,000. The company’s cash position at the end of the year was P50,000. What was the net cash provided by the company’s financing activities? 4. At the beginning of the year, XXXXX had P100,000 in cash. The company undertook a major expansion during this same year. Looking at its statement of cash flows, you see that the net cash provided by its operations was P300,000 and the company’s investing activities required cash expenditures of P800,000. The company’s cash position at the end of the year was P50,000. What was the net cash provided by the company’s financing activities? 5. Calculate a firm's free cash flow if it has net operating profit after taxes of P60,000, depreciation expense of P10,000, net fixed asset investment requirement of P40,000, a net current asset requirement of P30,000 and a tax rate of 30%.
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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