1. Problems 5.1 Thirsty Ed drinks only pure spring water, but he can purchase it in two different-sized containers: 0.75 liter and 2 liter. Because the water itself is identical, he regards these two "goods" as perfect substitutes. Let a represent the quantity of 0.75-liter containers and y represent the quantity of 2-liter containers. Assume Ed's utility is equal to the total quantity of water consumed and that the containers themselves yield no utility. Which of the following functions best represents Ed's utility? OU= min(0.75x, 2y) OU = x0.75+ y² OU = 20.752 OU=0.75x + 2y I 0.75 When then the demand function for a is x*= Px and the demand function for y is y* - Px Py I I 0.75 When then the demand function for æ is x*= Py and the demand function for y is y*= Py+Px Px Py 0 The following graph shows the demand function for æ, holding I and py. I Py I Px

Who determines how much utility an individual will receive from consuming a good?

Praxilla, who lived in ancient Greece, derives utility from reading poems and from eating cucumbers. Praxilla gets 30 units of marginal utility from her first poem 27 units of marginal utility from her second poem 24 units of marginal utility from her third poem, and so on, with marginal utility declining by three units for each additional poem. Praxilla gets six units of marginal utility for each of her next three cucumbers consumed, five units of marginal utility for each of her next three cucumbers consumed, four units of marginal utility for each of the following three cucumbers consumed, and so on, with marginal utility declining by one for every three cucumber consumed. A poem costs three bronze coins hut a cucumber costs only one bronze coin. Praxilla has 18 bronze coins. Sketch Praxillas budget set between poems and cucumbers, placing poems on the vertical axis and cucumbers on the horizontal axis. Start off with the choice of zero poems and 18 cucumbers, and calculate the changes in marginal utility of moving along the budget line to the next choice of one poem and 15 cucumbers. Using this step-by-step process based on marginal utility, create a table and identify Praxillas utility—maximizing choice. Compare the marginal utility of the two goods and the relative prices at the optimal choice to see if the expected relationship holds. Hint: Label the table columns: 1) Choice, 2} Marginal Gain from More Poems, 3) Marginal Loss from Fewer Cucumbers, 4) Overall Gain or Loss, 5) Is the previous choice Optimal? Label the table rows: 1) 0 Poems and 18 Cucumbers, 2) 1 Poem and 15 cucumbers, 3) 2 Poems and 12 cucumbers, 4) 3 Poems and 9 Cucumbers, 5) 4 Poems and 6 cucumbers 6) 5 Poems and 3 Cucumbers, 7) 6 Poems and 0 Cucumbers.

TOTAL AND MARGINAL UTILITY Reset E UTILITY CALCULATIONS Total Utility Quantity Consumed 70 Total Marginal Utility Utility 60 50 40 22 30 22 20 18 10 40 14 4 6. 8 54 Quantity Consumed Marginal Utility 10 20 4 64 6. 10 5 70 1 3 4 2 -10 72 -20 -2 Quantity Consumed 70 Quantity Consumed -6 64 1 6. 8.

Mylie's total utility from singing the same song over and over is 70 utils after one repetition, 110 utils after two repetitions, 140 utils after three repetitions, 160 utils after four repetitions, 120 utils after five repetitions, and 60 utils after six repetitions, as shown in the table below. a. Write down her marginal utility for each repetition. Instructions: Enter your answers as a whole number. If you are entering any negative numbers be sure to include a negative sign (-) in front of those numbers. Repetitions 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Utility Marginal Utility 0 70 110 140 160 120 60 b. Once Mylie's total utility begins to decrease, does each additional singing of the song hurt more than the previous song or less than the previous song? O More than the previous song O Less than the previous song

John likes Coca-Cola. After consuming one Coke, John has a total utility of 10 utils. After two Cokes, he has a total utility of 25 utils. After three Cokes, he has a total utility of 50 utils. Does John show diminishing marginal utility for Coke or does he show increasing marginal utility for Coke? Suppose that John has $3 in his pocket.     If Cokes cost $1 each and John is willing to spend one of his dollars on purchasing a first can of Coke, would he spend his second dollar on a Coke, too? What about the third dollar? If John’s marginal utility for Coke keeps on increasing no matter how many Cokes he drinks, would it be fair to say that he is addicted to Coke?    *use tables and/or graphs if possible, please original work

3. Finding the optimal combination of two goods - $2. Suppose that Larry buys Larry enjoys consuming both cheese and fruit. Each pound of cheese costs Pc = $1, and each pound of fruit costs PF 300 pounds of cheese and 200 pounds of fruit per year. The following graphs show his marginal utility curves for cheese and fruit. At his current consumption level, Larry's marginal utility from consuming the last pound of cheese he bought is MUC S 30 utils per pound, and his marginal utility from consuming the last pound of fruit he bought is MUF = 30 utils per pound. 60 40 30 IL 20 10 400 500 600 50 40 A 30 B C D 20 10 0 0 100 Is Larry currently maximizing his utility? Combination 200 300 CHEESE (Pounds per year) 300, 30 (Pounds per Year) 200 400 300 No; he could buy less cheese and more fruit, not spend any more money, and be better off. O No; he likes fruit and cheese more than other goods, so he should buy more of both. O No; he could buy more cheese and less fruit, not spend any more money,…

Mylie’s total utility from singing the same song over and over is 50 utils after one repetition, 90 utils after two repetitions, 120 utils after three repetitions, 80 utils after four repetitions, 20 utils after five repetitions, and -60 utils after six repetitions, as shown in the table below.   a. Write down her marginal utility for each repetition.   Instructions: Enter your answers as a whole number. If you are entering any negative numbers be sure to include a negative sign (-) in front of those numbers.   Repetitions Total Utility Marginal Utility 0 0 — 1 50   2 90   3 120   4 80   5 20   6 -60