1. Plot the particle-size distribution hart. Particle Size Distribution Curve 100 90 80 70 * 60 50 30 20 10 10 Do 1 Do D10 0.1 0.01. Grain-size (mm) Figure 1:Particle-size Distribution Chart 2. Determine D10, D30, D60, Cu C- a. Di0-0.347 mm b. D30-0.651 mm c. D60-1.516 mm d. Cu-4.368 e. C-0.82 3. More than 50% passed through 4.75 mm Ca<6-or- Poorly Graded Sand 4. Fineness Modulus & Average Size a. FM=9.425 b. Avg Size =2.00 mm 5. | Conclusion Percent Finer (%)

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Quantity takeoff

Quantity takeoffs (QTO) are precise estimates of the materials and labor costs required to finish a construction project. During the pre-construction phase, an estimator prepares them, breaking down the project into smaller, more manageable parts that are easier to evaluate. These measurements are used to prepare a construction scope bid. Estimators examine the drawings, specifications, and models to figure out different quantities and their costs. Since, the components, their quantity, and price are all included in the model, quantity take-off can be done automatically using Building Information Modelling (BIM). The time taken for completing a construction project can be reduced by the use of quantity takeoff. These takeoffs are also called material takeoffs and construction takeoffs.