1. Perfect Competition: a. What are the key features of a perfectly competitive market? b. Will a perfectly competitive firm automatically close its doors if it is not making a profit? Why or why not? Make sure to discuss the different time frames. C. Suppose that you are the manager of a company that vaccinates human beings for biological diseases. Your company uses two inputs to produce vaccinations: physicians and laboratories. However, this is a short-run analysis where physicians are variable but laboratories are fixed. Suppose that each physician costs $500 per day (for an annual salary of about $175,000) and the daily cost for the laboratory is $1,500 (for rental cost of about $547,500 per year). In the short run, your company has 1 laboratory. The following table presents potential daily production levels with requisite input combinations. Physicians Laboratories Vaccinations (Q) TC TFC TVC MC ATC AFC AVC 3 1 1 3 1 4 15 1 24 1 36 51 1 00 1.

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Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
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# Perfect Competition

## Key Questions:

### a. What are the key features of a perfectly competitive market?
- A large number of buyers and sellers.
- Homogeneous products.
- Free entry and exit of firms.
- Perfect information.
- Price takers—the market sets the price.

### b. Will a perfectly competitive firm automatically close its doors if it is not making a profit? Why or why not?
- Discuss the different time frames.
- In the short run, firms may continue to operate even if they are not making a profit as long as they cover their variable costs.
- In the long run, firms will exit the market if they are not profitable.

### c. Suppose you are the manager of a company that vaccinates humans for biological diseases. Your company uses two inputs to produce vaccinations: physicians and laboratories. However, this is a short-run analysis where physicians are variable but laboratories are fixed. Each physician costs $500 per day (annual salary of about $175,000) and the daily cost for the laboratory is $1,500 (rental cost of about $547,500 per year). In the short run, your company has 1 laboratory.

The following table presents potential daily production levels with requisite input combinations:

| Physicians | Laboratories | Vaccinations (Q) | TC | TFC | TVC | MC | ATC | AFC | AVC |
|------------|--------------|------------------|----|-----|-----|----|-----|-----|-----|
| 0          | 1            | 0                |    |     |     |    |     |     |     |
| 3          | 1            | 1                |    |     |     |    |     |     |     |
| 5          | 1            | 2                |    |     |     |    |     |     |     |
| 6          | 1            | 3                |    |     |     |    |     |     |     |
| 9          | 1            | 4                |    |     |     |    |     |     |     |
| 15         | 1            | 5                |    |     |     |    |     |     |     |
| 24         | 1            | 6                |    |     |     |    |     |     |     |
| 36         | 1            |
Transcribed Image Text:# Perfect Competition ## Key Questions: ### a. What are the key features of a perfectly competitive market? - A large number of buyers and sellers. - Homogeneous products. - Free entry and exit of firms. - Perfect information. - Price takers—the market sets the price. ### b. Will a perfectly competitive firm automatically close its doors if it is not making a profit? Why or why not? - Discuss the different time frames. - In the short run, firms may continue to operate even if they are not making a profit as long as they cover their variable costs. - In the long run, firms will exit the market if they are not profitable. ### c. Suppose you are the manager of a company that vaccinates humans for biological diseases. Your company uses two inputs to produce vaccinations: physicians and laboratories. However, this is a short-run analysis where physicians are variable but laboratories are fixed. Each physician costs $500 per day (annual salary of about $175,000) and the daily cost for the laboratory is $1,500 (rental cost of about $547,500 per year). In the short run, your company has 1 laboratory. The following table presents potential daily production levels with requisite input combinations: | Physicians | Laboratories | Vaccinations (Q) | TC | TFC | TVC | MC | ATC | AFC | AVC | |------------|--------------|------------------|----|-----|-----|----|-----|-----|-----| | 0 | 1 | 0 | | | | | | | | | 3 | 1 | 1 | | | | | | | | | 5 | 1 | 2 | | | | | | | | | 6 | 1 | 3 | | | | | | | | | 9 | 1 | 4 | | | | | | | | | 15 | 1 | 5 | | | | | | | | | 24 | 1 | 6 | | | | | | | | | 36 | 1 |
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