1. on-off: 2-way/pressurize-exhaust: 2. pneumatic valve: sub-base mounting/hydraulic valve: 3. hand lever: manually operated/fluid pressure: 4. spool: hydraulic valve/poppet: 5. actuator free, flow to tank: open center/actuator held, flow to tank: 6. end of stroke: cushions/mid-stroke: 7. closed center: blocked center/float center: 8. spring offset: tank passage/spring returned: 9. actuator movement: extreme positions/system needs: 10. 3-position: spring centered/2-position: A. center position B. deceleration valve C. exhaust center D. exhaust passage E. pilot operated F. pneumatic valve G spring offset-returned H. subplate mounted I. tandem center J. 3-way

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Fluid Kinematics

The branch of science that deals with objects which are either in motion or stationary are studied under the branch of classical mechanics. Fluid mechanics is a subcategory of classical mechanics that deals with the behavior of fluids at rest (fluid statics) or in motion (posing some velocity). In fluid kinematics, studies focus on the associated motion of fluid particles or groups of particles, and its associated parameters like displacements, velocity, and acceleration without concerning about the forces that caused the motion. All the laws of classical mechanics are applied in the study of fluid kinematics.