1. Given: A pipeline connecting a reservoir with a pump. - Properties of the pipeline: L= 450 m; D= 0.40 m; e= 0.5 mm; Q= 380 l/s; and Total secondary loss factor = 3.8. The pump is 2.0 m above the water level in the reservoir Gauge pressure = 8.6 kPa Required: The available NPSH at water temperature is 22 °C? 2. Given: Figure bellow The pump operates at a speed of 2550 rpm delivers a volumetric flow rate of 450 L/s. The motor power delivered to the impeller is 500 KW and the overall efficiency is 68 %. Assume f = 0.018. Datum pump center line Suction pipe: Length = 1600 m, Diameter = 500 mm Delivery pipe: Length = 2200 m, Diameter = 500 mm Suction head = 20 m and delivery head = 55 m Manometeric head = 18 m Roughness = 0.5 mm Secondary loss coefficient = 7.5 V/2g Calculate: a) Frictional Losses and the total loss in the suction and delivery pipes (m) b) Total Dynamic Head (m) c) Specific speed of the pump d) Power input and power output (KW) e) Pump efficiency (%) and Motor efficiency (%) Hstat pur H
Design Against Fluctuating Loads
Machine elements are subjected to varieties of loads, some components are subjected to static loads, while some machine components are subjected to fluctuating loads, whose load magnitude tends to fluctuate. The components of a machine, when rotating at a high speed, are subjected to a high degree of load, which fluctuates from a high value to a low value. For the machine elements under the action of static loads, static failure theories are applied to know the safe and hazardous working conditions and regions. However, most of the machine elements are subjected to variable or fluctuating stresses, due to the nature of load that fluctuates from high magnitude to low magnitude. Also, the nature of the loads is repetitive. For instance, shafts, bearings, cams and followers, and so on.
Design Against Fluctuating Load
Stress is defined as force per unit area. When there is localization of huge stresses in mechanical components, due to irregularities present in components and sudden changes in cross-section is known as stress concentration. For example, groves, keyways, screw threads, oil holes, splines etc. are irregularities.
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