1. During skeletal muscle contraction, what event directly precedes the release of actin by myosin? a. ATP binding b. ATP hydrolysis c. Power stroke d. Release of ADP e. Release of Pi 2. What is the trigger for CICR in skeletal muscle cells? a. Acetylcholine binding b. Activation of nicotinic receptors c. Ca++ entering the cells via VOC channels d. Ca++ release by the sarcoplasmic reticulum e. Movement of troponin out of the groove of actin For questions 12-14, please choose the best answer from the following list. Each answer may be used once, more than once or not at all. Each question has only one best answer. a. Muscle spindle apparatus b. Sarcolemma c. Sarcoplasmic reticulum d. Terminal cisternae e. T-Tubules 3. Primary site of intracellular Ca++ release 4. Maintain optimal overlap of actin and myosin in a resting skeletal muscle cell 5. Aids membrane depolarization along the entire length of the muscle fiber 6. Ion movement responsible for depolarization of the sarcolemma a. Ca++ in b. Ca++ out c. Na++ in d. Na++ out 7. Potential mechanisms to increase the acuity of skeletal muscle contractions. a. Decrease the size of motor units b. Increase the ratio of somatic motor neurons to the number of muscle fibers innervated c. Increase the sensitivity of smaller motor units to acetylcholine d. All of the above e. A and B 8. Cell membrane of a muscle fiber a. Endomysium b. Epimysium c. Perimysium d. Sarcolemma 9. Each somatic motor neuron with all the muscle fibers it innervates. a. Fascicle b. Motor endplate c. Motor unit d. Muscle e. Muscle fiber 10. Structural unit of a myofibril a. Actin b. Myofilaments c. Myosin d. All of the above e. A and C 11. During the excitation phase of skeletal muscle contraction, what event directly follows binding of acetylcholine? a. CICR b. Depolarization of the sarcolemma c. Opening VOC in the sarcolemma d. Release of Ca++ from the SR e. Tropinin moves away from the groove of actin 12. Function(s) of dystrophin a. Differentiation of muscle fibers b. Organization of Ach receptors c. Stabilization of the sarcolemma d. All of the above e. A and B 13. The inherited form of ALS results from overproduction of free radicals. a. True b. False 14. A third order neuron is generally found in the: a. Cerebral cortex b. Peripheral nervous system c. Spinal cord or brain stem d. Thalamus 15. Which of the following would be most likely to be a tonic receptor? a. Mechanoreceptor b. Olfactory receptor c. Nociceptor for dull pain d. Nociceptor for sharp pain e. Thermoreceptor 16. Hair cells bending backwards in the anterior semicircular canal would most likely signal what type of movement? a. Cartwheel b. Horizontal movement in a car c. Somersault d. Spinning along the long axis of the body e. Vertical movement in an elevator 17. How is amplitude (loudness or intensity) coded by the auditory system? Best answer. a. Direction the hair cells bend b. Distance the pressure wave travels through the cochlea c. How far the hair cells bend d. Proximity (how close you are to the source of sound) e. Which hair cells bend 18. Why does conduction deafness restrict hearing across all frequencies? a. Restricts movement of fluid within the cochlea b. Restricts vibrations of the oval window c. Restricts vibrations of the tympanic membrane d. All of the above e. A and B For questions 19-21, please choose the best answer from the following list. Each answer may be used once, more than once or not at all. Each question has only one best answer. a. Asigmatism b. Emmetropia c. Hyperopia d. Myopia 19. Light focuses behind the retina, convex lens 20. Light focuses in front of the eye, concave lens 21. Light converges properly on the retina, no corrective measure required

1. During skeletal muscle contraction, what event directly precedes the release of actin by myosin? a. ATP binding b. ATP hydrolysis c. Power stroke d. Release of ADP e. Release of Pi 2. What is the trigger for CICR in skeletal muscle cells? a. Acetylcholine binding b. Activation of nicotinic receptors c. Ca++ entering the cells via VOC channels d. Ca++ release by the sarcoplasmic reticulum e. Movement of troponin out of the groove of actin For questions 12-14, please choose the best answer from the following list. Each answer may be used once, more than once or not at all. Each question has only one best answer. a. Muscle spindle apparatus b. Sarcolemma c. Sarcoplasmic reticulum d. Terminal cisternae e. T-Tubules 3. Primary site of intracellular Ca++ release 4. Maintain optimal overlap of actin and myosin in a resting skeletal muscle cell 5. Aids membrane depolarization along the entire length of the muscle fiber 6. Ion movement responsible for depolarization of the sarcolemma a. Ca++ in b. Ca++ out c. Na++ in d. Na++ out 7. Potential mechanisms to increase the acuity of skeletal muscle contractions. a. Decrease the size of motor units b. Increase the ratio of somatic motor neurons to the number of muscle fibers innervated c. Increase the sensitivity of smaller motor units to acetylcholine d. All of the above e. A and B 8. Cell membrane of a muscle fiber a. Endomysium b. Epimysium c. Perimysium d. Sarcolemma 9. Each somatic motor neuron with all the muscle fibers it innervates. a. Fascicle b. Motor endplate c. Motor unit d. Muscle e. Muscle fiber 10. Structural unit of a myofibril a. Actin b. Myofilaments c. Myosin d. All of the above e. A and C 11. During the excitation phase of skeletal muscle contraction, what event directly follows binding of acetylcholine? a. CICR b. Depolarization of the sarcolemma c. Opening VOC in the sarcolemma d. Release of Ca++ from the SR e. Tropinin moves away from the groove of actin 12. Function(s) of dystrophin a. Differentiation of muscle fibers b. Organization of Ach receptors c. Stabilization of the sarcolemma d. All of the above e. A and B 13. The inherited form of ALS results from overproduction of free radicals. a. True b. False 14. A third order neuron is generally found in the: a. Cerebral cortex b. Peripheral nervous system c. Spinal cord or brain stem d. Thalamus 15. Which of the following would be most likely to be a tonic receptor? a. Mechanoreceptor b. Olfactory receptor c. Nociceptor for dull pain d. Nociceptor for sharp pain e. Thermoreceptor 16. Hair cells bending backwards in the anterior semicircular canal would most likely signal what type of movement? a. Cartwheel b. Horizontal movement in a car c. Somersault d. Spinning along the long axis of the body e. Vertical movement in an elevator 17. How is amplitude (loudness or intensity) coded by the auditory system? Best answer. a. Direction the hair cells bend b. Distance the pressure wave travels through the cochlea c. How far the hair cells bend d. Proximity (how close you are to the source of sound) e. Which hair cells bend 18. Why does conduction deafness restrict hearing across all frequencies? a. Restricts movement of fluid within the cochlea b. Restricts vibrations of the oval window c. Restricts vibrations of the tympanic membrane d. All of the above e. A and B For questions 19-21, please choose the best answer from the following list. Each answer may be used once, more than once or not at all. Each question has only one best answer. a. Asigmatism b. Emmetropia c. Hyperopia d. Myopia 19. Light focuses behind the retina, convex lens 20. Light focuses in front of the eye, concave lens 21. Light converges properly on the retina, no corrective measure required

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter7: The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4RE

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Question

1. During skeletal muscle contraction, what event directly precedes the release of actin by myosin?

a. ATP binding

b. ATP hydrolysis

c. Power stroke

d. Release of ADP

e. Release of Pi

2. What is the trigger for CICR in skeletal muscle cells?

a. Acetylcholine binding

b. Activation of nicotinic receptors

c. Ca++ entering the cells via VOC channels

d. Ca++ release by the sarcoplasmic reticulum

e. Movement of troponin out of the groove of actin

For questions 12-14, please choose the best answer from the following list. Each answer may be used once, more than once or not at all. Each question has only one best answer.

a. Muscle spindle apparatus

b. Sarcolemma

c. Sarcoplasmic reticulum

d. Terminal cisternae

e. T-Tubules

3. Primary site of intracellular Ca++ release

4. Maintain optimal overlap of actin and myosin in a resting skeletal muscle cell

5. Aids membrane depolarization along the entire length of the muscle fiber

6. Ion movement responsible for depolarization of the sarcolemma

a. Ca++ in

b. Ca++ out

c. Na++ in

d. Na++ out

7. Potential mechanisms to increase the acuity of skeletal muscle contractions.

a. Decrease the size of motor units

b. Increase the ratio of somatic motor neurons to the number of muscle fibers innervated

c. Increase the sensitivity of smaller motor units to acetylcholine

d. All of the above

e. A and B

8. Cell membrane of a muscle fiber

a. Endomysium

b. Epimysium

c. Perimysium

d. Sarcolemma

9. Each somatic motor neuron with all the muscle fibers it innervates.

a. Fascicle

b. Motor endplate

c. Motor unit

d. Muscle

e. Muscle fiber

10. Structural unit of a myofibril

a. Actin

b. Myofilaments

c. Myosin

d. All of the above

e. A and C

11. During the excitation phase of skeletal muscle contraction, what event directly follows binding of acetylcholine?

a. CICR

b. Depolarization of the sarcolemma

c. Opening VOC in the sarcolemma

d. Release of Ca++ from the SR

e. Tropinin moves away from the groove of actin

12. Function(s) of dystrophin

a. Differentiation of muscle fibers

b. Organization of Ach receptors

c. Stabilization of the sarcolemma

d. All of the above

e. A and B

13. The inherited form of ALS results from overproduction of free radicals.

a. True

b. False

14. A third order neuron is generally found in the:

a. Cerebral cortex

b. Peripheral nervous system

c. Spinal cord or brain stem

d. Thalamus

15. Which of the following would be most likely to be a tonic receptor?

a. Mechanoreceptor

b. Olfactory receptor

c. Nociceptor for dull pain

d. Nociceptor for sharp pain

e. Thermoreceptor

16. Hair cells bending backwards in the anterior semicircular canal would most likely signal what type of movement?

a. Cartwheel

b. Horizontal movement in a car

c. Somersault

d. Spinning along the long axis of the body

e. Vertical movement in an elevator

17. How is amplitude (loudness or intensity) coded by the auditory system? Best answer.

a. Direction the hair cells bend

b. Distance the pressure wave travels through the cochlea

c. How far the hair cells bend

d. Proximity (how close you are to the source of sound)

e. Which hair cells bend

18. Why does conduction deafness restrict hearing across all frequencies?

a. Restricts movement of fluid within the cochlea

b. Restricts vibrations of the oval window

c. Restricts vibrations of the tympanic membrane

d. All of the above

e. A and B

For questions 19-21, please choose the best answer from the following list. Each answer may be used once, more than once or not at all. Each question has only one best answer.

a. Asigmatism

b. Emmetropia

c. Hyperopia

d. Myopia

19. Light focuses behind the retina, convex lens

20. Light focuses in front of the eye, concave lens

21. Light converges properly on the retina, no corrective measure required

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