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1. Draw curved arrow(s) for the following mechanism (draw lone pair of electrons where relevant) and classify each reaction step as one of the four elementary ionic reaction patterns (numbers in circles). 2. Explain what is the reason for 1,2-hydride shift that converts carbocation A to carbocation B? Molecular/orbital drawing must be used as part of the answer. -H20 „OH H-I + H. H20 carbocation A carbocation B H. H20 HO H20 H30* + + carbocation B

1. Draw curved arrow(s) for the following mechanism (draw lone pair of electrons where relevant) and classify each reaction step as one of the four elementary ionic reaction patterns (numbers in circles). 2. Explain what is the reason for 1,2-hydride shift that converts carbocation A to carbocation B? Molecular/orbital drawing must be used as part of the answer. -H20 „OH H-I + H. H20 carbocation A carbocation B H. H20 HO H20 H30* + + carbocation B

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**Learning Target 9** **Criteria for satisfactory score** Elementary mechanistic steps must be correctly identified. All curved arrows must be unambiguous and correctly represent the depicted mechanism. The answer must include a molecular/orbital drawing where specified. **Tasks** 1. Draw curved arrow(s) for the following mechanism (draw lone pair of electrons where relevant) and classify each reaction step as one of the four elementary ionic reaction patterns (numbers in circles). 2. Explain what is the reason for 1,2-hydride shift that converts carbocation A to carbocation B? Molecular/orbital drawing must be used as part of the answer. **Figure 6: Multi-step reaction sequence** 1. The first step shows a reaction between cyclohexanol and hydrogen iodide, forming a protonated alcohol and iodide ion. The protonation is indicated with the formation of H\(_2\)O\(^+\). 2. In the second step, water is lost, leading to the formation of a carbocation (carbocation A). 3. A rearrangement occurs to form a more stable carbocation (carbocation B). 4. The carbocation B reacts with water, leading to the regeneration of cyclohexanol and hydronium ion (H\(_3\)O\(^+\)) in step four. 5. The final step illustrates the equilibrium between the regenerated cyclohexanol and hydronium ion. These steps are part of an elementary ionic reaction sequence involving protonation, rearrangement, and hydration reactions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Learning Target 9** **Criteria for satisfactory score** Elementary mechanistic steps must be correctly identified. All curved arrows must be unambiguous and correctly represent the depicted mechanism. The answer must include a molecular/orbital drawing where specified. **Tasks** 1. Draw curved arrow(s) for the following mechanism (draw lone pair of electrons where relevant) and classify each reaction step as one of the four elementary ionic reaction patterns (numbers in circles). 2. Explain what is the reason for 1,2-hydride shift that converts carbocation A to carbocation B? Molecular/orbital drawing must be used as part of the answer. **Figure 6: Multi-step reaction sequence** 1. The first step shows a reaction between cyclohexanol and hydrogen iodide, forming a protonated alcohol and iodide ion. The protonation is indicated with the formation of H\(_2\)O\(^+\). 2. In the second step, water is lost, leading to the formation of a carbocation (carbocation A). 3. A rearrangement occurs to form a more stable carbocation (carbocation B). 4. The carbocation B reacts with water, leading to the regeneration of cyclohexanol and hydronium ion (H\(_3\)O\(^+\)) in step four. 5. The final step illustrates the equilibrium between the regenerated cyclohexanol and hydronium ion. These steps are part of an elementary ionic reaction sequence involving protonation, rearrangement, and hydration reactions.
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