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1. DIBALH 2. H30* or H20

1. DIBALH 2. H30* or H20

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Provide the major organic product(s) for the reaction shown below
### Reduction of Esters using Diisobutylaluminum Hydride (DIBAL-H) This chemical reaction illustrates the process of reducing an ester to an aldehyde using Diisobutylaluminum Hydride (DIBAL-H) followed by hydrolysis. #### Reactants and Conditions: 1. **Reactant:** - The starting material is an ester, specifically butyl acetate. 2. **Reagents:** - **Step 1:** DIBAL-H (Diisobutylaluminum Hydride) - **Step 2:** Hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) or water (H₂O) #### Reaction Steps: 1. **Reduction:** - The ester compound (butyl acetate) undergoes reduction in the presence of DIBAL-H. DIBAL-H is a selective reducing agent commonly used to reduce esters to aldehydes. 2. **Hydrolysis:** - In the second step, the reaction mixture is subjected to either hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) or water (H₂O), which helps in the hydrolysis process to obtain the aldehyde from the reduced intermediate. ### Diagram Explanation: The diagram depicts the chemical structure of the ester (butyl acetate), followed by the reaction arrow indicating the reagents used and the direction of the reaction: - The ester group features a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to an oxygen atom linked to a methyl group. - Below the arrow, the sequence of reagents is specified: 1. DIBAL-H 2. H₃O⁺ or H₂O These reagents facilitate the reduction of the ester to an aldehyde through a process of reduction and subsequent hydrolysis. ### Educational Insights: - **Selectivity in Reduction:** DIBAL-H is a mild and selective reducing agent that allows for the reduction of esters to aldehydes without fully reducing them to alcohols. - **Understanding Reactivity:** This reaction provides an insight into the reactivity of esters and the use of specific reducing agents in organic synthesis. - **Applications:** Such reductions are valuable in synthetic organic chemistry, particularly in the synthesis of complex molecules where selective reduction is required.
Transcribed Image Text:### Reduction of Esters using Diisobutylaluminum Hydride (DIBAL-H) This chemical reaction illustrates the process of reducing an ester to an aldehyde using Diisobutylaluminum Hydride (DIBAL-H) followed by hydrolysis. #### Reactants and Conditions: 1. **Reactant:** - The starting material is an ester, specifically butyl acetate. 2. **Reagents:** - **Step 1:** DIBAL-H (Diisobutylaluminum Hydride) - **Step 2:** Hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) or water (H₂O) #### Reaction Steps: 1. **Reduction:** - The ester compound (butyl acetate) undergoes reduction in the presence of DIBAL-H. DIBAL-H is a selective reducing agent commonly used to reduce esters to aldehydes. 2. **Hydrolysis:** - In the second step, the reaction mixture is subjected to either hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) or water (H₂O), which helps in the hydrolysis process to obtain the aldehyde from the reduced intermediate. ### Diagram Explanation: The diagram depicts the chemical structure of the ester (butyl acetate), followed by the reaction arrow indicating the reagents used and the direction of the reaction: - The ester group features a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to an oxygen atom linked to a methyl group. - Below the arrow, the sequence of reagents is specified: 1. DIBAL-H 2. H₃O⁺ or H₂O These reagents facilitate the reduction of the ester to an aldehyde through a process of reduction and subsequent hydrolysis. ### Educational Insights: - **Selectivity in Reduction:** DIBAL-H is a mild and selective reducing agent that allows for the reduction of esters to aldehydes without fully reducing them to alcohols. - **Understanding Reactivity:** This reaction provides an insight into the reactivity of esters and the use of specific reducing agents in organic synthesis. - **Applications:** Such reductions are valuable in synthetic organic chemistry, particularly in the synthesis of complex molecules where selective reduction is required.
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