1. Design a heart rate monitoring system using MAX30100 sensor. This sensor provides output voltage in the range of 0V to 3V. In order to send the data from the sensor to a micro controller, an ADC is required. a) Design a three bits of binary output ADC using comparators in order to convert the heart rate signal to digital domain. Explain how many comparators that you will use and why you need such numbers of comparators. Sketch the completed circuit with appropriate devices including a 7-to-3 priority encoder. b). Based on your design, determine the reference voltage for each comparator. Then, relate the reference voltage with the binary output.

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Digital to Analog Converters

Digital to analog converters are commonly known as DAC, digital analog converter, D2A, or Digital-to-Analog converters. DACs are one of the important devices used in the electronics and electrical domain. DACs are the systems that convert a digital signal into an analog signal, whereas an analog to digital converter or ADC performs the opposite function. Digital signals are those signals that can represent the information or data as a set of discrete values. At a particular instant of time, a digital signal can only take a particular value of data. A digital signal is characterized by two unique values; zeros and ones, or true and false, represented by the Boolean domain. These are also known as binary signals or logic signals. Unlike digital signals, an analog signal is represented by continuous values, where at any time instant, the analog signal is represented by a real number.