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1. Consider the state machine below: A A X B A' X B J₁ XA ← B' K₂ X B X

1. Consider the state machine below: A A X B A' X B J₁ XA ← B' K₂ X B X

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN:9780133594140
Author:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Publisher:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Chapter1: Computer Networks And The Internet
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem R1RQ: What is the difference between a host and an end system? List several different types of end...
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### State Machine Diagram Explanation 1. **Components**: - Two flip-flops are labeled as **A and A'** and **B and B'**. - Each flip-flop has inputs labeled **J** and **K** with corresponding subscripts. - There are logic gates connected to these flip-flops. 2. **Inputs and Connections**: - The circuit contains inputs labeled **X** and **B'** for the first flip-flop and **X** and **A** for the second flip-flop. - An AND gate is connected to the inputs of each flip-flop: - The left AND gate takes inputs **X** and **B'**. - The right AND gate takes inputs **X** and **A**. 3. **Output Logic**: - The output logic involves an OR gate. - Inputs to this gate are labeled **B** and **X**. - The output of the OR gate is labeled **Z**. This diagram represents a state machine using flip-flops and logic gates, which can be used to model digital circuits or systems with defined states and transitions.
Transcribed Image Text:### State Machine Diagram Explanation 1. **Components**: - Two flip-flops are labeled as **A and A'** and **B and B'**. - Each flip-flop has inputs labeled **J** and **K** with corresponding subscripts. - There are logic gates connected to these flip-flops. 2. **Inputs and Connections**: - The circuit contains inputs labeled **X** and **B'** for the first flip-flop and **X** and **A** for the second flip-flop. - An AND gate is connected to the inputs of each flip-flop: - The left AND gate takes inputs **X** and **B'**. - The right AND gate takes inputs **X** and **A**. 3. **Output Logic**: - The output logic involves an OR gate. - Inputs to this gate are labeled **B** and **X**. - The output of the OR gate is labeled **Z**. This diagram represents a state machine using flip-flops and logic gates, which can be used to model digital circuits or systems with defined states and transitions.
**Timing Diagram Exercise** **Question 5:** The input sequence for this machine is \( X = 1010110 \). Complete the timing diagram. Assume the flip-flops start with outputs equal to 0. **Diagram Explanation:** - **CLK Line:** This line represents the clock signal with a regular square wave pattern, indicating when the circuits should capture and process the input data. - **X Line:** The input sequence is a series of high and low signals (1s and 0s). Here, the pattern represents the binary input 1010110. This sequence should be laid out across the timeline of the clock. - **A, B, and Z Lines:** These represent the output lines from flip-flops or gates. Their states (high or low) need to be determined based on the given input sequence and clock pulses. **Question 6:** **Output Sequence and Determination:** - **Output Sequence:** As the flip-flops start with outputs equal to 0, the sequences for A, B, and Z need to be filled based on rules or additional circuit information provided separately. Determine the sequence by analyzing logical gates or flip-flop behavior once the input sequence is applied. - **How It's Determined:** Understanding the flip-flop logic or state transition based on each clock pulse and input X will guide how outputs change. The initial state is 0, and any conditions provided in the theoretical model or previous exercises would dictate output changes during clock transitions. Make sure to simulate each step according to logical rules to fill the outputs correctly.
Transcribed Image Text:**Timing Diagram Exercise** **Question 5:** The input sequence for this machine is \( X = 1010110 \). Complete the timing diagram. Assume the flip-flops start with outputs equal to 0. **Diagram Explanation:** - **CLK Line:** This line represents the clock signal with a regular square wave pattern, indicating when the circuits should capture and process the input data. - **X Line:** The input sequence is a series of high and low signals (1s and 0s). Here, the pattern represents the binary input 1010110. This sequence should be laid out across the timeline of the clock. - **A, B, and Z Lines:** These represent the output lines from flip-flops or gates. Their states (high or low) need to be determined based on the given input sequence and clock pulses. **Question 6:** **Output Sequence and Determination:** - **Output Sequence:** As the flip-flops start with outputs equal to 0, the sequences for A, B, and Z need to be filled based on rules or additional circuit information provided separately. Determine the sequence by analyzing logical gates or flip-flop behavior once the input sequence is applied. - **How It's Determined:** Understanding the flip-flop logic or state transition based on each clock pulse and input X will guide how outputs change. The initial state is 0, and any conditions provided in the theoretical model or previous exercises would dictate output changes during clock transitions. Make sure to simulate each step according to logical rules to fill the outputs correctly.
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