1. Classify the following as an element, compound, homogeneous mixture or heterogeneo mixture. Beer Gasoline and water Potassium chloride Sugar and water Vinegar
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
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**1. Classify the following as an element, compound, homogeneous mixture, or heterogeneous mixture.**
- Beer
- Gasoline and water
- Potassium chloride
- Sugar and water
- Vinegar
**2. Classify the following elements as a metal, non-metal, or metalloid.**
- F
- Phosphorus
- Si
- Potassium
- Se
**3. Which one of the following is a monoatomic element?**
a) oxygen
b) iodine
c) argon
d) nitrogen
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**Explanation:**
1. **Classification**
- **Element**: Pure substance consisting of one type of atom.
- **Compound**: Substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together.
- **Homogeneous mixture**: Mixture with a uniform composition throughout.
- **Heterogeneous mixture**: Mixture with a non-uniform composition, where the different components are visibly distinct.
2. **Element Categories**
- **Metal**: Typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity.
- **Non-metal**: Not metallic; often lacking the properties of metals; may be gaseous, liquid, or brittle solid.
- **Metalloid**: Has properties in between those of metals and non-metals.
3. **Monoatomic Element**
- An element that consists of single atoms not bonded to each other.
This content is designed to test knowledge of basic chemistry concepts including categorization of materials and elements.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F3ffd3041-5fa8-408a-aea6-8d0882cf770f%2F6670c600-9f25-4ac7-9dc4-fd1efeb1a53c%2Ft4hvh17.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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