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1. Calculate the best estimate of the total radiative forcing from the provided figure of individual radiative forcings. Hint: You don't need to include the "net anthropogenic" term when conducting this calculation.

1. Calculate the best estimate of the total radiative forcing from the provided figure of individual radiative forcings. Hint: You don't need to include the "net anthropogenic" term when conducting this calculation.

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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1. Calculate the best estimate of the total radiative forcing from the provided figure of individual radiative forcings. Hint: You don't need to include the "net anthropogenic" term when conducting this calculation. 2. Calculate the range of possible values for the total radiative forcing. Please show your work 3. What conclusions does the total radiative forcing tell you about how the climate has changed? 4. How does the range of values (or uncertainties) affect the above conclusions Radiative Forcing from the IPCC Radiative Forcing Components RF values (W m) Spatial scale LOSU RF Terms co, 1.66 (1.49 to 1.83) Giobal High What does this part of the diagram mean? Increases in atmospheric CO, concentration between 1750 through 2000 have caused about a 1.66 W/m? increase in the earth's radiation budget. This term by itself would warm the earth's surface. Radiative forcing value is between 1.49 – 1.83 (average is 1.66)
Transcribed Image Text:1. Calculate the best estimate of the total radiative forcing from the provided figure of individual radiative forcings. Hint: You don't need to include the "net anthropogenic" term when conducting this calculation. 2. Calculate the range of possible values for the total radiative forcing. Please show your work 3. What conclusions does the total radiative forcing tell you about how the climate has changed? 4. How does the range of values (or uncertainties) affect the above conclusions Radiative Forcing from the IPCC Radiative Forcing Components RF values (W m) Spatial scale LOSU RF Terms co, 1.66 (1.49 to 1.83) Giobal High What does this part of the diagram mean? Increases in atmospheric CO, concentration between 1750 through 2000 have caused about a 1.66 W/m? increase in the earth's radiation budget. This term by itself would warm the earth's surface. Radiative forcing value is between 1.49 – 1.83 (average is 1.66)
Radiative Forcing Components RF Terms RF values (W m*) Spatial scale LOSU 1 CO, 1.66 [1.49 to 1.83] Global High Long-lived greenhouse gases N20 0.48 [0.43 to 0.53] 0.16 [0.14 to 0.18] 0.34 [0.31 to 0.37] 2 CH, H Halocarbons Global High -0.05 [-0.15 to 0.05]| Continental Ozone 3 Stratospheric H H Tropospheric Med 0.35 [0.25 to 0.65] to global Stratospheric water vapour from CH, 4 0.07 [0.02 to 0.12] Global Low 5 Land use -0.2 [-0.4 to 0.0] 0.1 [0.0 to 0.2] Local to continental Med Surface albedo Black carbon on snow - Low Med - Low Continental 6 -0.5 (-0.9 to -0.1] Direct effect to global Total Aerosol Cloud albedo Continental 7 -0.7 [-1.8 to -0.3) Low effect to global 8 0.01 (0.003 to 0.03] Linear contrails Continental Low Solar irradiance 9 0.12 [0.06 to 0.30] Global Low Total net 10 1.6 (0.6 to 2.4] anthropogenic -2 -1 1 2 Radiative Forcing (W m²) Natural Anthropogenic ©IPCC 2007: WG1-AR4
Transcribed Image Text:Radiative Forcing Components RF Terms RF values (W m*) Spatial scale LOSU 1 CO, 1.66 [1.49 to 1.83] Global High Long-lived greenhouse gases N20 0.48 [0.43 to 0.53] 0.16 [0.14 to 0.18] 0.34 [0.31 to 0.37] 2 CH, H Halocarbons Global High -0.05 [-0.15 to 0.05]| Continental Ozone 3 Stratospheric H H Tropospheric Med 0.35 [0.25 to 0.65] to global Stratospheric water vapour from CH, 4 0.07 [0.02 to 0.12] Global Low 5 Land use -0.2 [-0.4 to 0.0] 0.1 [0.0 to 0.2] Local to continental Med Surface albedo Black carbon on snow - Low Med - Low Continental 6 -0.5 (-0.9 to -0.1] Direct effect to global Total Aerosol Cloud albedo Continental 7 -0.7 [-1.8 to -0.3) Low effect to global 8 0.01 (0.003 to 0.03] Linear contrails Continental Low Solar irradiance 9 0.12 [0.06 to 0.30] Global Low Total net 10 1.6 (0.6 to 2.4] anthropogenic -2 -1 1 2 Radiative Forcing (W m²) Natural Anthropogenic ©IPCC 2007: WG1-AR4
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