n electromagnetic signal traverses the ionosphere vertically along a path that has a total electroncontent of 10^18 ????????/?2.a) Determine the vertical time delay for a frequency of 1.60 ???.b) Determine the excess range if the vacuum speed of light is usedYou can also find the question in the image below. 1. An electromagnetic signal traverses the ionosphere vertically along a path that has a total electroncontent of 10¹8 electron/m².a) Determine the vertical time delay for a frequency of 1.60 GHz.b) Determine the excess range if the vacuum speed of light is used.

a) The vertical time delay, also known as the ionospheric time delay, can be calculated using the…

Answered: 1. An electromagnetic signal traverses…

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1. An electromagnetic signal traverses the ionosphere vertically along a path that has a total electron content of 10¹8 electron/m². a) Determine the vertical time delay for a frequency of 1.60 GHz. b) Determine the excess range if the vacuum speed of light is used.