1. Acetyl-CoA labeled with 14C in both of its acetatecarbon atoms is incubated with unlabeled oxaloacetatand a crude tissue preparation capable of carrying outthe reactions of the citric acid cycle. After one turn ofthe cycle, oxaloacetate would have ¹4C in:A. all four carbon atoms.B.no pattern that is predictable from the informationprovided.c.none of its carbon atoms.D.the keto carbon and one of the carboxyl carbons.E. the two carboxyl carbons.

The citric acid cycle, also called as the Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is the central metabolic…

Answered: 1. Acetyl-CoA labeled with ¹4C in both…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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A. What is substrate level phosphorylation. B. Although oxygen does not participate directly in the citric acid cycle , the cycle only operates when oxygen is present. Why is this so so ? C.describe how hibernating animals and new born babies are able to keep warm without shivering. D. What is the metabolic purpose of hexose monophospate shunt pathway E.hg does G6PD deficient individuals have increase in resistance to malaria?
1.3. Aerobic Cellular Respiration: a.Write the chemical formula for the aerobic cellular respiration of glucose. b. List the major steps of aerobic cellular respiration and describe the major events of each step.c. Explain the role of an electron carrier in cellular respiration.d. Predict what would happen to the process of cellular respiration if oxygen was not present. In your answer, specifically state the role that oxygen plays in cellular respiration.
Gluconeogensis uses nearly all of the same enzymes as those in ____, and is a(an) ______ reaction. Select one: a. Citric Acid Cycle anabolic b. citric acid cycle, catabolic c. glycolysis, anabolic d. glycolysis, catabolic e. none of the above
1.a. Given what you know about glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, does it make sense that insulin activates PDH phosphatase? Why? b.How do vitamins increase to the breadth of chemical reactions available within a biological system?
The metabolic function of the pentose phosphate pathway is to: a. generate NADPH and pentoses for the biosynthesis of fatty acids and nucleic acids. b. provide intermediates for the citric acid cycle c. participate in oxidation-reduction reactions during the formation of H,O d. act as a source of ADP for biosynthesis
Which of the following molecules shown are the reduced products produced in the citric acid cycle whose reduction directly helped drive oxidation? Select all that apply. Ensure you are selecting the product forms of the molecule, which here means the reduced form, and are only considering redox reactions! Do not include the pyruvate processing steps -- just the citric acid cycle itself. A. GDP B. NADH C. FAD D. Acetyl-CoA E. NAD+ F. CoA G. FADH2 H. GTP I. QH2 J. Q
Consider the following types of cell and their respective conditions: i. a liver cell with non-functional malate-aspartate shuttle* ii. a skeletal muscle cell lacking oxygen iii. a cell with ATP synthase deficiency* iv. a yeast cell undergoing fermentation but with defective alcohol dehydrogenase (hint: In yeast, alcohol dehydrogenase is responsible for shuttling reducing equivalents of cytosolic NADH to the mitochondria.)* V. a brain cell with non-functional Complex II of the electron transport chain* * Assume that the deficiency is isolated and will not influence the function of other respiration components
Identify at most 5 organic reactions for each metabolic pathway. Metabolic pathways: 4. Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA5.Citric acid cycle6. Gluconeogensis pathway (pyruvate to glucose)
Which of the following statements concerning the glyoxylate cycle is false? a. In the glyoxylate cycle, acetyl-CoA reacts with glyoxylate to produce malate b. It bypasses part of the TCA cycle by converting isocitrate to glyoxylate and succinate. c. It usually occurs in the mitochondria d. It allows the organisms that possess this cycle to produce carbohydrates from fats. e. two molecules of acetyl-CoA can be converted to one molecule of oxaloacetate
1. The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reaction below. NADH + H* NAD+ OH Pyruvate Lactate NADH absorbs light at 340 nm in the near-ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum, but NAD' does not. a. Assuming that you have a spectrophotometer that can measure light at this wavelength, qualitatively sketch a plot of A, 340 nm VS. time. How does this plot compare to the one from the experiment on the alkaline phosphatase-catalyzed reaction of p-nitrophenylphosphate? b. Would you use a highly accurate pH meter to monitor the progress of the pyruvate reaction? Why or why not?
9. The equation below depicts the first step of the citric acid cycle. H0 CoA-SH CH-C + 0=C-CO0 HO C-COO citrate s-COA ČH2-COO synthase ČH2 -CO0 Citrate Acetyl-CoA Oxaloacetate AG" = -32.2 kJ/mol a) Explain the chemical conversions that take place during this step. b) Why is this reaction energetically favorable? Explain.
Fatty acids are catabolized by a process called beta-oxidation. One of the products of beta- oxidation is acetyl CoA. Given this information, the products of beta-oxidation will most likely be incorporated into which stage of cellular respiration? A the citric acid cycle B C D glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation the link reaction

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