1. A tachometric surveying was performed by a surveyor. The transit used has a stadia interval factor of 90.98 and stadia constant of 0.16m the instrument was set at station O on the line between station C and E. The following stadia readings were taken Position of staff Vertical angle Station C Station E -18°37'02" 6°15'58" upper 1.432m 2.825m Stadia hair reading center 1.195m 2.049m Determine the horizontal and vertical distance between C and E lower 0.957m 1.274m

Q: 1) Compare and contrast: a. Differential leveling and trigonometric leveling b. Trunnion axis and…

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A: Step 3:Since, 3600" = 1° .So, 1" = (1/3600)° .That means, 40" = (40/3600)° . Hence,-40" = -0.0111…

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A:

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State Plane Coordinate Systems

The state plane coordinate system (SPCS or SPS) is a collection of 124 coordinate systems or geographic zones prepared for particular regions of the U.S. Every state consists of one or more than one state plane zone, the boundaries of which generally follow the county lines. Inside the U.S., there are 110 zones in total, 10 more zones in Alaska, 5 in Hawaii, and 1 for Puerto Rico and US Virgin islands. The system is extensively used for geospatial and geographic data assembling by the state and local governments.