1. A length of nylon fishing line of 2 mm diameter is tied to a length of 0.5 mm diameter stainless steel wire, then stretched between two rigid supports 2 m apart such that the tension in the wires is 20 N and the connection point between the two wires is exactly midway between the posts. The air temperature then goes down by 20°C. Find the distance that the connection moves. [Youngs modulus for nylon is 3 GPa, its thermal expansion coefficient is 6×10-5/K. Youngs modulus for stainless steel is 180 GPa, its thermal expansion coefficient is 1.7 x 10-5/K.]
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- The bulk modulus of water is B= 2.2 x 10' N/m². What change in pressure AP (in atmospheres) is required to keep water from expanding when it is heated from 16.8 °C to 38.7 °C? Number i 98.7 Units atmThe thermal conductivities of human tissues vary greatly. Fat and skin have conductivities of about 0.20 W/m · K and 0.020 W/m · K respectively, while other tissues inside the body have conductivities of about 0.50 W/m · K. Assume that between the core region of the body and the skin surface lies a skin layer of 1.0 mm, fat layer of 0.50 cm, and 3.2 cm of other tissues. (a) Find the R-factor for each of these layers, and the equivalent R-factor for all layers taken together, retaining two digits. Rskin m2 · K/W Rfat m2 · K/W Rtissue m2 · K/W R m2 · K/W (b) Find the rate of energy loss when the core temperature is 37°C and the exterior temperature is 0°C. Assume that both a protective layer of clothing and an insulating layer of unmoving air are absent, and a body area of 2.0 m2. WA rod made of glass has a circular cross section with a diameter of 0.1200 m at a temperature of 20 degrees celsius. An aluminum ring has a diameter of 0.1196 m at a temperature of 20 degrees celsius. The coefficients of thermal expansion for glass and aluminum are 9.0 x 10-6 1/K and 24.0 x 10-6 1/K, respectively. At what temperature will the aluminum ring be able to slip over the glass rod? Between 225 and 250 degrees celsius Between 175 and 200 degrees celsius Between 100 and 125 degrees celsius Higher than 300 degrees celsius Between 250 and 275 degrees celsius Between 125 and 150 degrees celsius Between 275 and 300 degrees celsius Between 150 and 200 degrees celsius O Between 200 and 225 degrees celsius
- The thermal conductivities of human tissues vary greatly. Fat and skin have conductivities of about 0.20 W/m · K and 0.020 W/m · K respectively, while other tissues inside the body have conductivities of about 0.50 W/m · K. Assume that between the core region of the body and the skin surface lies a skin layer of 1.0 mm, fat layer of 0.50 cm, and 3.2 cm of other tissues. (a) Find the R-factor for each of these layers, and the equivalent R-factor for all layers taken together, retaining two digits. Rskin m2 · K/W Rfat m2 · K/W Rtissue m2 · K/W R m2 · K/W (b) Find the rate of energy loss when the core temperature is 37°C and the exterior temperature is 0°C. Assume that both a protective layer of clothing and an insulating layer of unmoving air are absent, and a body area of 2.0 m2. WA walrus transfers energy by conduction through its blubber at the rate of 150 W when immersed in −1.00ºC water. The walrus’s internal core temperature is 37.0ºC , and it has a surface area of 2.00 m2 . What is the average thickness of its blubber, which has the conductivity of fatty tissues without blood?On a day that the temperature is 6.0°C, a concrete walk is poured in such a way that the ends of the walk are unable to move. Take Young's modulus for concrete to be 7.00 × 109 N/m² and the compressive strength to be 2.00 x 109 N/m². (The coefficient of linear expansion of concrete is 1.2 × 10-5 (°C-¹).) (a) What is the stress in the cement on a hot day of 49.0°C? N/m² (b) Does the concrete fracture? ○ Yes ○ No
- The gap width is 1.610 cm when the temperature is 30.0°C. Determine the gap width when the temperature is 205°C. (Use 11 ✕ 10−6 (°C)−1 for the average coefficient of linear expansion for steel. Give your answer to at least three decimal places.)The temperature of a spere is raised in by 300˚C. The coefficient of volume expansion of the sphere is 47x10-6 C degree. By what percentage does volume increase? (a)3.22% (b)2.01% (c)1.41% (d)2.81%There is a small high-orbit satellite in space that is generating a lot of waste heat (at the rate of 800 W = 800 J/s) which we need to get rid of by radiation into deep, cold space (temperature 2.73 K). The external radiator of the satellite has a surface area of 1 m by 2 m, and can radiate from only one side. It has an emissivity of 0.99. What is the equilibrium (stable) temperature of the radiator in °C? a) 30.12 0C b) 290.54 0C c) 17.39 0C
- A certain amount of gas at 25.0°C and at a pressure of 0.650 atm is contained in a glass vessel. Suppose that the vessel can withstand a pressure of 2.00 atm. How high can you raise the temperature of the gas without bursting the vessel? In other words, at what temperature will the glass vessel shatter, in degrees Celsius.A light bulb filament is constructed from 2 cm of tungsten wire of diameter 50 pam and is enclosed in an evacuated glass bulb. What temperature does the filament reach when it is operated at a power of 1 W? (Assume the emissivity of the tungsten surface to be 0.4.)Brass 0.030 m 5.0 µm Brass has linear thermal expansion coefficient a = 19 × 10-6rC . The picture shows a design defect in an electrical assembly: if the screw expands enough to touch the surface on the left, a dangerous short circuit will occur. The picture shows the assembly at 15°C. What is the maximum tempe ure the assembly can tolerate? 46.9°C 32.6°C 23.7°C 27.4°C 19.3°C