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(1) What does it mean to amortize a bond premium or discount? Why is it necessary?

(1) What does it mean to amortize a bond premium or discount? Why is it necessary?

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
10th Edition
ISBN:9781259964947
Author:Libby
Publisher:Libby
Chapter1: Financial Statements And Business Decisions
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1Q
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Part I
(1) What does it mean to amortize a bond premium or discount? Why is it necessary?

(2) What are the two bond amortization methods mentioned in the book and how are they different?


Part II
Please select ONE of the problems below and record the proper journal entry for recording the issuance of the bond. Hint: You will need to refer to the Present Value Tables.pdf  Download Present Value Tables.pdf. Please indicate which scenario you are answering.

(a) On January 1, a corporation issued a $1 million, five-year, 10 percent bond that pays interest semiannually. The market interest rate on January 1 was 12 percent.

(b) On January 1, a corporation issued a $1 million, five-year, 11 percent bond that pays interest semiannually. The market interest rate on January 1 was 10 percent.


Part III
Please describe what is meant by “Times Interest Earned.” How is it calculated? Suppose you calculated this ratio for a company for two consecutive years and the results were the following:

     Year 2018 – 24.0
     Year 2017 – 28.0

Please interpret the results. What conclusions can you draw?

I added the table below as a picture!

 

TABLE 2 Present Value of $1 $1 PV = (1 + i)ª n/ 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0% 3.5% 4.0% 4.5% 5.0% 5.5% 6.0% 7.0% 8.0% 9.0% 10.0% 11.0% 12.0% 20.0% 1 0.99010 0.98522 0.98039 0.97561 0.97087 0.96618 0.96154 0.95694 0.95238 0.94787 2 0.98030 0.97066 0.96117 0.95181 0.94260 0.93351 0.92456 0.91573 0.90703 0.89845 0.94340 0.93458 0.92593 0.91743 0.90909 0.90090 0.89286 0.83333 0.89000 0.87344 0.85734 0.84168 0.82645 0.81162 0.79719 0.69444 3 0.97059 0.95632 0.94232 0.92860 0.91514 0.90194 0.88900 0.87630 0.86384 0.85161 0.83962 0.81630 0.79383 0.77218 0.75131 0.73119 0.71178 0.57870 0.96098 0.94218 0.92385 0.90595 O.88849 0.87144 0.85480 0.83856 0.82270 0.80722 0.79209 0.76290 0.73503 0.70843 0.68301 0.65873 0.63552 0.48225 5 0.95147 0.92826 0.90573 0.88385 0.86261 0.84197 0.82193 0.80245 0.78353 0.76513 0.74726 0.71299 0.68058 0.64993 0.62092 0.59345 0.56743 0.40188 6 0.94205 0.91454 0.88797 0.86230 083748 0.81350 0.79031 0.76790 0.74622 0.72525 7 0.93272 0.90103 0.87056 0.84127 0.81309 0.78599 0.75992 0.73483 0.71068 0.68744 8 0.92348 0.88771 0.85349 0.82075 0.78941 0.75941 0.73069 O.70319 0.67684 0.65160 9 0.91434 0.87459 0.83676 0.80073 0.76642 0.73373 0.70259 0.67290 0.64461 0.61763 10 0.90529 0.86167 0.82035 0.78120 0.74409 0.70892 0.67556 0.64393 0.61391 0.58543 0.70496 0.66634 0.63017 0.59627 0.56447 0.53464 0.50663 0.33490 0.66506 0.62275 0.58349 0.54703 0.51316 0.48166 0.45235 0.27908 0.62741 0.58201 0.54027 0.50187 0.46651 0.43393 0.40388 0.23257 0.59190 0.54393 0.50025 0.46043 0.42410 0.39092 0.36061 0.19381 0.55839 0.50835 0.46319 0.42241 0.38554 0.35218 0.32197 0.16151 11 0.89632 0.84893 0.80426 0.76214 0.72242 0.68495 0.64958 0.61620 0.58468 0.55491 0.52679 0.47509 0.42888 0.38753 0.35049 0.31728 0.28748 0.13459 12 0.88745 0.83639 0.78849 0.74356 0.70138 0.66178 0.62460 0.58966 0.55684 0.52598 0.49697 0.44401 0.39711 0.35553 0.31863 0.28584 0.25668 0.11216 13 0.87866 0.82403 0.77303 0.72542 0.68095 0.63940 0.60057 0.56427 0.53032 0.49856 0.46884 0.41496 0.36770 0.32618 0.28966 0.25751 0.22917 0.09346 14 0.86996 0.81185 0.75788 0.70773 0.66112 0.61778 0.57748 0.53997 0.50507 0.47257 0.44230 0.38782 0.34046 0.29925 0.26333 0.23199 0.20462 0.07789 15 0.86135 0.79985 0.74301 0.69047 0.64186 0.59689 0.55526 0.51672 0.48102 0.44793 0.41727 0.36245 0.31524 0.27454 0.23939 0.20900 0.18270 0.06491 0.29189 0.27027 0.25187 0.23107 16 0.85282 0.78803 0.72845 0.67362 0.62317 0.57671 0.53391 0.49447 0.45811 0.42458 0.39365 0.33873 0.21763 0.18829 0.16312 0.05409 17 0.84438 0.77639 0.71416 0.65720 0.60502 0.55720 0.51337 0.47318 0.43630 0.40245 0.37136 0.31657 0.19784 0.16963 0.14564 0.04507 18 0.83602 0.76491 0.70016 0.64117 0.58739 0.53836 0.49363 0.45280 0.41552 0.38147 0.35034 0.29586 0.25025 0.21199 0.17986 0.15282 0.13004 0.03756 19 0.82774 0.75361 0.68643 0.62553 0.57029 0.52016 0.47464 0.43330 0.39573 0.36158 0.33051 0.27651 0.23171 0.19449 0.16351 0.13768 0.11611 0.03130 20 0.81954 0.74247 0.67297 0.61027 0.55368 0.50257 0.45639 0.41464 0.37689 0.34273 0.31180 0.25842 0.21455 0.17843 0.14864 0.12403 0.10367 0.02608 21 0.81143 0.73150 0.65978 0.59539 0.53755 0.48557 0.43883 0.39679 0.35894 0.32486 0.29416 0.24151 0.19866 0.16370 0.13513 0.11174 0.09256 0.02174 24 0.78757 0.69954 0.62172 0.55288 0.49193 0.43796 0.39012 0.34770 0.31007 0.27666 0.24698 0.19715 0.15770 0.12640 0.10153 0.08170 0.06588 0.01258 25 0.77977 0.68921 0.60953 0.53939 0.47761 0.42315 0.37512 0.33273 0.29530 0.26223 0.23300 0.18425 0.14602 0.11597 0.09230 0.07361 0.05882 0.01048 28 0.75684 0.65910 0.57437 0.50088 0.43708 0.38165 0.33348 0.29157 0.25509 0.22332 0.19563 0.15040 0.11591 0.08955 0.06934 0.05382 0.04187 0.00607 29 0.74934 0.64936 0.56311 0.48866 0.42435 0.36875 0.32065 0.27902 0.24295 0.21168 0.18456 0.14056 0.10733 0.08215 0.06304 0.04849 0.03738 0.00506 30 0.74192 0.63976 0.55207 0.47674 0.41199 0.35628 0.30832 0.26700 0.23138 0.20064 0.17411 0.13137 0.09938 0.07537 0.05731 0.04368 0.03338 0.00421 31 0.73458 0.63031 0.54125 0.46511 0.39999 0.34423 0.29646 0.25550 0.22036 0.19018 0.16425 0.12277 0.09202 0.06915 0.05210 0.03935 0.02980 0.00351 40 0.67165 0.55126 0.45289 0.37243 0.30656 0.25257 0.20829 0.17193 0.14205 0.11746 0.09722 0.06678 0.04603 0.03184 0.02209 0.01538 0.01075 0.00068
Transcribed Image Text:TABLE 2 Present Value of $1 $1 PV = (1 + i)ª n/ 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0% 3.5% 4.0% 4.5% 5.0% 5.5% 6.0% 7.0% 8.0% 9.0% 10.0% 11.0% 12.0% 20.0% 1 0.99010 0.98522 0.98039 0.97561 0.97087 0.96618 0.96154 0.95694 0.95238 0.94787 2 0.98030 0.97066 0.96117 0.95181 0.94260 0.93351 0.92456 0.91573 0.90703 0.89845 0.94340 0.93458 0.92593 0.91743 0.90909 0.90090 0.89286 0.83333 0.89000 0.87344 0.85734 0.84168 0.82645 0.81162 0.79719 0.69444 3 0.97059 0.95632 0.94232 0.92860 0.91514 0.90194 0.88900 0.87630 0.86384 0.85161 0.83962 0.81630 0.79383 0.77218 0.75131 0.73119 0.71178 0.57870 0.96098 0.94218 0.92385 0.90595 O.88849 0.87144 0.85480 0.83856 0.82270 0.80722 0.79209 0.76290 0.73503 0.70843 0.68301 0.65873 0.63552 0.48225 5 0.95147 0.92826 0.90573 0.88385 0.86261 0.84197 0.82193 0.80245 0.78353 0.76513 0.74726 0.71299 0.68058 0.64993 0.62092 0.59345 0.56743 0.40188 6 0.94205 0.91454 0.88797 0.86230 083748 0.81350 0.79031 0.76790 0.74622 0.72525 7 0.93272 0.90103 0.87056 0.84127 0.81309 0.78599 0.75992 0.73483 0.71068 0.68744 8 0.92348 0.88771 0.85349 0.82075 0.78941 0.75941 0.73069 O.70319 0.67684 0.65160 9 0.91434 0.87459 0.83676 0.80073 0.76642 0.73373 0.70259 0.67290 0.64461 0.61763 10 0.90529 0.86167 0.82035 0.78120 0.74409 0.70892 0.67556 0.64393 0.61391 0.58543 0.70496 0.66634 0.63017 0.59627 0.56447 0.53464 0.50663 0.33490 0.66506 0.62275 0.58349 0.54703 0.51316 0.48166 0.45235 0.27908 0.62741 0.58201 0.54027 0.50187 0.46651 0.43393 0.40388 0.23257 0.59190 0.54393 0.50025 0.46043 0.42410 0.39092 0.36061 0.19381 0.55839 0.50835 0.46319 0.42241 0.38554 0.35218 0.32197 0.16151 11 0.89632 0.84893 0.80426 0.76214 0.72242 0.68495 0.64958 0.61620 0.58468 0.55491 0.52679 0.47509 0.42888 0.38753 0.35049 0.31728 0.28748 0.13459 12 0.88745 0.83639 0.78849 0.74356 0.70138 0.66178 0.62460 0.58966 0.55684 0.52598 0.49697 0.44401 0.39711 0.35553 0.31863 0.28584 0.25668 0.11216 13 0.87866 0.82403 0.77303 0.72542 0.68095 0.63940 0.60057 0.56427 0.53032 0.49856 0.46884 0.41496 0.36770 0.32618 0.28966 0.25751 0.22917 0.09346 14 0.86996 0.81185 0.75788 0.70773 0.66112 0.61778 0.57748 0.53997 0.50507 0.47257 0.44230 0.38782 0.34046 0.29925 0.26333 0.23199 0.20462 0.07789 15 0.86135 0.79985 0.74301 0.69047 0.64186 0.59689 0.55526 0.51672 0.48102 0.44793 0.41727 0.36245 0.31524 0.27454 0.23939 0.20900 0.18270 0.06491 0.29189 0.27027 0.25187 0.23107 16 0.85282 0.78803 0.72845 0.67362 0.62317 0.57671 0.53391 0.49447 0.45811 0.42458 0.39365 0.33873 0.21763 0.18829 0.16312 0.05409 17 0.84438 0.77639 0.71416 0.65720 0.60502 0.55720 0.51337 0.47318 0.43630 0.40245 0.37136 0.31657 0.19784 0.16963 0.14564 0.04507 18 0.83602 0.76491 0.70016 0.64117 0.58739 0.53836 0.49363 0.45280 0.41552 0.38147 0.35034 0.29586 0.25025 0.21199 0.17986 0.15282 0.13004 0.03756 19 0.82774 0.75361 0.68643 0.62553 0.57029 0.52016 0.47464 0.43330 0.39573 0.36158 0.33051 0.27651 0.23171 0.19449 0.16351 0.13768 0.11611 0.03130 20 0.81954 0.74247 0.67297 0.61027 0.55368 0.50257 0.45639 0.41464 0.37689 0.34273 0.31180 0.25842 0.21455 0.17843 0.14864 0.12403 0.10367 0.02608 21 0.81143 0.73150 0.65978 0.59539 0.53755 0.48557 0.43883 0.39679 0.35894 0.32486 0.29416 0.24151 0.19866 0.16370 0.13513 0.11174 0.09256 0.02174 24 0.78757 0.69954 0.62172 0.55288 0.49193 0.43796 0.39012 0.34770 0.31007 0.27666 0.24698 0.19715 0.15770 0.12640 0.10153 0.08170 0.06588 0.01258 25 0.77977 0.68921 0.60953 0.53939 0.47761 0.42315 0.37512 0.33273 0.29530 0.26223 0.23300 0.18425 0.14602 0.11597 0.09230 0.07361 0.05882 0.01048 28 0.75684 0.65910 0.57437 0.50088 0.43708 0.38165 0.33348 0.29157 0.25509 0.22332 0.19563 0.15040 0.11591 0.08955 0.06934 0.05382 0.04187 0.00607 29 0.74934 0.64936 0.56311 0.48866 0.42435 0.36875 0.32065 0.27902 0.24295 0.21168 0.18456 0.14056 0.10733 0.08215 0.06304 0.04849 0.03738 0.00506 30 0.74192 0.63976 0.55207 0.47674 0.41199 0.35628 0.30832 0.26700 0.23138 0.20064 0.17411 0.13137 0.09938 0.07537 0.05731 0.04368 0.03338 0.00421 31 0.73458 0.63031 0.54125 0.46511 0.39999 0.34423 0.29646 0.25550 0.22036 0.19018 0.16425 0.12277 0.09202 0.06915 0.05210 0.03935 0.02980 0.00351 40 0.67165 0.55126 0.45289 0.37243 0.30656 0.25257 0.20829 0.17193 0.14205 0.11746 0.09722 0.06678 0.04603 0.03184 0.02209 0.01538 0.01075 0.00068
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