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1) Researchers at Northwestern University explored whether meditation helps someone become a more compassionate person (Lim, Condo, & DeSteno, PLOS One, 2015). To do this they recruited 56 university students, all of whom reported little to no prior experience with meditation. The students were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: regularly completing a meditation session using the web-based application Headspace for three weeks or (as an active control group) completing a web-based cognitive training program from Lumosity for three weeks. To test the subjects on their level of compassion they staged a scenario three confederates. The subjects would enter a common waiting room where there were three chairs. Two male confederates sat in two of the chairs leaving one for the subject. After the subject was sitting for one mi a female confederate came in playing the role of a person suffering. She would walk in using crutches with some mild expressions of pain and then would lean against the wall with a sigh of discomfort. The sitting ma confederates were trained to ignore her. What did the subjects do? It turned out that 10 of the 27 from the meditation group got up and offered the suffering woman their seat while only 4 of the 29 in the active control group did so.

1) Researchers at Northwestern University explored whether meditation helps someone become a more compassionate person (Lim, Condo, & DeSteno, PLOS One, 2015). To do this they recruited 56 university students, all of whom reported little to no prior experience with meditation. The students were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: regularly completing a meditation session using the web-based application Headspace for three weeks or (as an active control group) completing a web-based cognitive training program from Lumosity for three weeks. To test the subjects on their level of compassion they staged a scenario three confederates. The subjects would enter a common waiting room where there were three chairs. Two male confederates sat in two of the chairs leaving one for the subject. After the subject was sitting for one mi a female confederate came in playing the role of a person suffering. She would walk in using crutches with some mild expressions of pain and then would lean against the wall with a sigh of discomfort. The sitting ma confederates were trained to ignore her. What did the subjects do? It turned out that 10 of the 27 from the meditation group got up and offered the suffering woman their seat while only 4 of the 29 in the active control group did so.

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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1) Researchers at Northwestern University explored whether meditation helps someone become a more compassionate person (Lim, Condo, & DeSteno, PLOS One, 2015). To do this they recruited 56 university students, all of whom reported little to no prior experience with meditation. The students were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: regularly completing a meditation session using the web-based application Headspace for three weeks or (as an active control group) completing a web-based cognitive training program from Lumosity for three weeks. To test the subjects on their level of compassion they staged a scenario using three confederates. The subjects would enter a common waiting room where there were three chairs. Two male confederates sat in two of the chairs leaving one for the subject. After the subject was sitting for one minute, a female confederate came in playing the role of a person suffering. She would walk in using crutches with some mild expressions of pain and then would lean against the wall with a sigh of discomfort. The sitting male confederates were trained to ignore her. What did the subjects do? It turned out that 10 of the 27 from the meditation group got up and offered the suffering woman their seat while only 4 of the 29 in the active control group did so. (a) Identify the observational units, explanatory variable, and response variable for this study. (b) Was this study observational or experimental? Explain how you are deciding. (c) Create a two-way table of these results, using the explanatory variable for the columns. (d) State appropriate null and alternative hypotheses. Clarify what your hypotheses are testing (which may not exactly match the research question?).
Transcribed Image Text:1) Researchers at Northwestern University explored whether meditation helps someone become a more compassionate person (Lim, Condo, & DeSteno, PLOS One, 2015). To do this they recruited 56 university students, all of whom reported little to no prior experience with meditation. The students were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: regularly completing a meditation session using the web-based application Headspace for three weeks or (as an active control group) completing a web-based cognitive training program from Lumosity for three weeks. To test the subjects on their level of compassion they staged a scenario using three confederates. The subjects would enter a common waiting room where there were three chairs. Two male confederates sat in two of the chairs leaving one for the subject. After the subject was sitting for one minute, a female confederate came in playing the role of a person suffering. She would walk in using crutches with some mild expressions of pain and then would lean against the wall with a sigh of discomfort. The sitting male confederates were trained to ignore her. What did the subjects do? It turned out that 10 of the 27 from the meditation group got up and offered the suffering woman their seat while only 4 of the 29 in the active control group did so. (a) Identify the observational units, explanatory variable, and response variable for this study. (b) Was this study observational or experimental? Explain how you are deciding. (c) Create a two-way table of these results, using the explanatory variable for the columns. (d) State appropriate null and alternative hypotheses. Clarify what your hypotheses are testing (which may not exactly match the research question?).
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