1) Explain what is expected of this experiment. 2) Explain what would the outcome of this experiment be. 3) What would the theory of this experiment be?
1) Explain what is expected of this experiment. 2) Explain what would the outcome of this experiment be. 3) What would the theory of this experiment be?
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1) Explain what is expected of this experiment.
2) Explain what would the outcome of this experiment be.
3) What would the theory of this experiment be?
Transcribed Image Text:CONSERVATION OF LINEAR MOMENTUM
AND INELASTIC COLLISIONS
Objective:
The purpose of this experiment is to study the Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum
as well as the non-conservation of kinetic energy in inelastic collisions.
Apparatus:
Air track and riders, spark tape position recording system
Theory:
An object of mass M moving with velocity v has linear momentum p defined as
p=Mv
Since the velocity is a vector quantity, linear momentum must also be a vector quantity
and, therefore, it has both magnitude and direction.
When a system of one or more objects is isolated, that is the net external force acting on
it is zero, it can be shown that the system's total linear momentum (the sum of the
momenta of its individual parts) remains constant, or is "conserved". This is what is
referred to as the Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum. In the context of collisions,
linear momentum conservation means that the (vector) sum of the momenta of the
individual parts of the system before the collision remains the same after the collision.
That is, for a system consisting of n objects:
(SP) -(±³.)__
i=1
before
after
Of course, the momentum of parts of the system may change as long as the momentum
of other parts also changes so that the vector sum of the momenta of all parts remains
constant.
ΣΚΕ
i=1
Contrary to linear momentum, kinetic energy is not always conserved in collisions. Only
in certain types of collisions, known as "elastic collisions", total kinetic energy is
conserved. All other collisions are known as "inelastic". Here, the total kinetic energy of
the system before the collision is not equal to the total kinetic energy after the collision,
that is,
n
#ΣΚΕ
i=1
before
This experiment deals with inelastic collisions, which includes explosions.
after
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