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[1] [2] Н Н Br CI к+-OC(CH3)3 [-HBr] Na-OCH₂CH₂ [-HCI] HOC(CH3)3 + HOCH₂CH₂ + K* Br Na* CI-

[1] [2] Н Н Br CI к+-OC(CH3)3 [-HBr] Na-OCH₂CH₂ [-HCI] HOC(CH3)3 + HOCH₂CH₂ + K* Br Na* CI-

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Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
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In the following reaction, why does K+ and Na+ bond with the halogens Br- and Cl-? Please explain why this happens. 

### Elimination Reactions #### Reaction [1] - **Reactants:** - **2-bromobutane** reacts with **potassium tert-butoxide (K⁺ OC(CH₃)₃)** - **Products:** - **1-butene** (an alkene) - **tert-butanol (HOC(CH₃)₃)** - **potassium bromide (K⁺ Br⁻)** - **Reaction Details:** - The reaction is a typical example of an elimination reaction where hydrogen bromide (HBr) is removed (denoted as [-HBr]), resulting in the formation of an alkene. #### Reaction [2] - **Reactants:** - **2-chlorocyclohexane** reacts with **sodium ethoxide (Na⁺ OC₂H₅)** - **Products:** - **Cyclohexene** (an alkene) - **ethanol (HOC₂H₅)** - **sodium chloride (Na⁺ Cl⁻)** - **Reaction Details:** - This is another example of an elimination reaction where hydrogen chloride (HCl) is eliminated (denoted as [-HCl]), producing an alkene. ### Explanation Diagrams - Both reactions illustrate the process of dehydrohalogenation, where the halide (Br⁻ or Cl⁻) and a hydrogen atom are removed to form a double bond, resulting in the formation of an alkene. - The use of a strong base (either potassium tert-butoxide or sodium ethoxide) is crucial in promoting the elimination of HX (HBr or HCl). - Visual representations of the chemical structures are shown, depicting the reactant's conversion to their respective products through schematic chemical equations.
Transcribed Image Text:### Elimination Reactions #### Reaction [1] - **Reactants:** - **2-bromobutane** reacts with **potassium tert-butoxide (K⁺ OC(CH₃)₃)** - **Products:** - **1-butene** (an alkene) - **tert-butanol (HOC(CH₃)₃)** - **potassium bromide (K⁺ Br⁻)** - **Reaction Details:** - The reaction is a typical example of an elimination reaction where hydrogen bromide (HBr) is removed (denoted as [-HBr]), resulting in the formation of an alkene. #### Reaction [2] - **Reactants:** - **2-chlorocyclohexane** reacts with **sodium ethoxide (Na⁺ OC₂H₅)** - **Products:** - **Cyclohexene** (an alkene) - **ethanol (HOC₂H₅)** - **sodium chloride (Na⁺ Cl⁻)** - **Reaction Details:** - This is another example of an elimination reaction where hydrogen chloride (HCl) is eliminated (denoted as [-HCl]), producing an alkene. ### Explanation Diagrams - Both reactions illustrate the process of dehydrohalogenation, where the halide (Br⁻ or Cl⁻) and a hydrogen atom are removed to form a double bond, resulting in the formation of an alkene. - The use of a strong base (either potassium tert-butoxide or sodium ethoxide) is crucial in promoting the elimination of HX (HBr or HCl). - Visual representations of the chemical structures are shown, depicting the reactant's conversion to their respective products through schematic chemical equations.
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