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. What is  “Theoretical Acceleration” in this experiment, and how to derive it? 2. What is the average of “experimental accelerations” in this lab, and how to obtain percent difference  with theoretical one?

. What is  “Theoretical Acceleration” in this experiment, and how to derive it? 2. What is the average of “experimental accelerations” in this lab, and how to obtain percent difference  with theoretical one?

College Physics
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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1. What is  “Theoretical Acceleration” in this experiment, and how to derive it?

2. What is the average of “experimental accelerations” in this lab, and how to obtain percent difference  with theoretical one?

 

Objective: LINEAR MOTION WITH CONSTANT ACCELERATION Open with The purpose of this experiment is to: a) Measure the acceleration of a mass on a ramp and compare the result to the theoretical prediction obtained through Newton's Laws of motion b) Introduce the experimental practice of taking multiple data points to improve the accuracy of an experimental measurement c) Review proper graphing techniques and how to obtain slopes and intercepts from a graph. Theory: h Mgcose Mg Mgsine H e We will first find the theoretical prediction for the acceleration a of a mass M sliding downward on a frictionless ramp. The only force accelerating the mass along the ramp is the component Mgsine of the gravitational force Mg parallel to the ramp. Applying Newton's 2nd Law, F = Ma, to M in the direction of the ramp we have Mgsin0 = Ma This gives the theoretical prediction for the acceleration, a, to which you will compare your experimental result, aexp. We will relabel this acceleration atheo, therefore, solving for atheo: atheo = g sine (1) Apparatus: Air track, rider, riser blocks, spark timer, thermal spark tape, meter stick
Transcribed Image Text:Objective: LINEAR MOTION WITH CONSTANT ACCELERATION Open with The purpose of this experiment is to: a) Measure the acceleration of a mass on a ramp and compare the result to the theoretical prediction obtained through Newton's Laws of motion b) Introduce the experimental practice of taking multiple data points to improve the accuracy of an experimental measurement c) Review proper graphing techniques and how to obtain slopes and intercepts from a graph. Theory: h Mgcose Mg Mgsine H e We will first find the theoretical prediction for the acceleration a of a mass M sliding downward on a frictionless ramp. The only force accelerating the mass along the ramp is the component Mgsine of the gravitational force Mg parallel to the ramp. Applying Newton's 2nd Law, F = Ma, to M in the direction of the ramp we have Mgsin0 = Ma This gives the theoretical prediction for the acceleration, a, to which you will compare your experimental result, aexp. We will relabel this acceleration atheo, therefore, solving for atheo: atheo = g sine (1) Apparatus: Air track, rider, riser blocks, spark timer, thermal spark tape, meter stick
Procedure: Open with ▾ 0. NEVER MOVE THE RIDER ON THE TRACK WITHOUT THE AIR SUPPLY TO THE TRACK TURNED ON (DOING SO WILL CREATE SCRATCHES AND FRICTION ON THE TRACK) 1. 2. 3. 4. 6. Make sure your air track is level. (How? There is another way besides using a level.) 7. Raise the air track at the end with the single leg by placing two blocks under it; the height of the blocks is h. 5. Repeat, with the rider moving up the ramp. Start with the rider at the top of the track but start taking data after it bounces upward at the bottom. Determine sine of the ramp by measuring h and H. Note that sin = h/H. Measure the acceleration of a rider of mass M≈ 400 grams moving down the ramp (see Appendix I, below). Your Instructor will demonstrate a "run" on the air track. Determine the acceleration for each run by graphing velocity vs. time. The acceleration is equal to the slope of this graph (see Appendix II, below). From these two graphs, take the average of the two slope values as your experimentally measured acceleration aexp. (The average will tend to cancel certain systematic errors in the measurement.) 8. Compare the average acceleration aexp with the theoretical acceleration atheo obtained from Equation (1). For g, use the local acceleration of gravity: g = 979.9 cm/s². "Comparing" your experimental results with theory means computing the percent difference between the experimental value and the theoretical prediction. This is given by: %Difference = Experiment-Theory Theory -x100%
Transcribed Image Text:Procedure: Open with ▾ 0. NEVER MOVE THE RIDER ON THE TRACK WITHOUT THE AIR SUPPLY TO THE TRACK TURNED ON (DOING SO WILL CREATE SCRATCHES AND FRICTION ON THE TRACK) 1. 2. 3. 4. 6. Make sure your air track is level. (How? There is another way besides using a level.) 7. Raise the air track at the end with the single leg by placing two blocks under it; the height of the blocks is h. 5. Repeat, with the rider moving up the ramp. Start with the rider at the top of the track but start taking data after it bounces upward at the bottom. Determine sine of the ramp by measuring h and H. Note that sin = h/H. Measure the acceleration of a rider of mass M≈ 400 grams moving down the ramp (see Appendix I, below). Your Instructor will demonstrate a "run" on the air track. Determine the acceleration for each run by graphing velocity vs. time. The acceleration is equal to the slope of this graph (see Appendix II, below). From these two graphs, take the average of the two slope values as your experimentally measured acceleration aexp. (The average will tend to cancel certain systematic errors in the measurement.) 8. Compare the average acceleration aexp with the theoretical acceleration atheo obtained from Equation (1). For g, use the local acceleration of gravity: g = 979.9 cm/s². "Comparing" your experimental results with theory means computing the percent difference between the experimental value and the theoretical prediction. This is given by: %Difference = Experiment-Theory Theory -x100%
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