. Many viruses enter host cells through receptormediated endocytosis. What is an advantage of thisentry strategy?a. The virus directly enters the cytoplasm of the cell.b. The virus is protected from recognition by whiteblood cells.c. The virus only enters its target host cell type.d. The virus can directly inject its genome into thecell’s nucleus.

Q: At which stage in viral replication does the genetic information enter the host cell? a. Penetration…

A: a)- Penetration

Q: Certain drugs to combat human viral diseases affect spike glycoproteinsin the viral envelope.…

A: A virus is a very tiny microorganism that does not have the capacity to survive on its own and…

Q: Brefiefly summarize how each type of vaccine triggers an immune response (Remeber that the immune…

A: Even stopping one case of COVID-19 can help to reduce the overall number of cases over time by test.…

Q: What is the significance of negative strand synthesis of positive a ssRNA virus?   a. Loss of…

A: Viruses can have DNA or RNA as genetic material. A positive-strand single-stranded RNA virus has the…

Q: Enveloped viruses enter host cells through ____________ and leave cells through _____________. Check…

A: Virus are microscopic entities just like other microbes but are even tiny than bacteria . They enter…

Q: Which statement is true of viral replication? a. In the process of apoptosis, the cell survives. b.…

A: Introduction: Viral replication is a mechanism through which viral genome divides inside the target…

Q: What is a prion? a. A highly wound circle of RNA b. A virus that has not yet acquired its envelope…

A: Protein folding  is a process that occurs in a cellular compartment that we called  as the…

Q: Students are debating about differences between viruses and cells. Which student’s argument is MOST…

A: Viruses are the connecting link between living and nonliving kingdom. So they are not regarded as…

Q: Stress can cause a latent virus to enter the lytic cycle, resulting in symptoms for the host. A.…

A: Virus is non - cellular particle which is smaller than the bacteria.  They  act as alive when enter…

Q: 81) The RNA polymerase (RDRP) enzyme a. Can act on the nucleus only b. Can only be a viral enzyme.…

A: RNA dependent RNA polymerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the processes of RNA replication from RNA…

Q: Prior to entry, the _________ glycoprotein of the HIV virus recognizes the ______ receptor on the…

A: Step 1 Human immunodeficiency virus or HIV is a rounded enveloped retrovirus with a core having two…

Q: In class, you learned about how some bacteriophages can switch between two different life cycles.…

A: Bacteriophages are the viruses that infect bacteria. Bacteriophage is a cunning virus which…

Q: 3) Which statement explains a way in which a researcher could cause a cytoplasmic protein to…

A: process of transporting cytoplasmic proteins into the nucleus 1. cytoplasmic protein contains an NLS…

Q: Which statements are accurate regarding properties of viruses? Select allthat apply. a. Viruses are…

A: The virus is microscopic and is even smaller than bacteria. They have their genetic material…

Q: Which cell structure would not be a bacterial virus's first point of attachment and recognition of a…

A: Option a: This option is incorrect because bacterial viruses may use flagella as part of their…

Q: During viral infection, attachment is usually specific to a particular celltype becausea. the virus…

A: Viruses do not come under the categories of Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes as they exhibit the dual…

Q: Match the best possible fit for the following Animal virus replication stages. A. Attachment B.…

A: Viruses contain nucleic acid/ribonucleic acid in the core region while the exterior/…

Q: Viruses code for their own independent protein synthesis. A. True B. False

A: The mechanism by which cells make proteins is known as protein synthesis. Transcription and…

Q: Which protein has the function of making sure that the viral genes can be completely transcribed?…

A: The study of the processes of heritable knowledge in viruses, such as genome structure, replication,…

Q: When phage nucleic acid is incorporated into the nucleic acid of itshost cell and is replicated when…

A: A virus has genetic material that can be deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA)…

Q: 73) Provirus is a term to describe a. The empty capsid without the genome in case of viruses with…

A: Provirus is the viral form that is integrated into the host cell DNA and replicate to transmit them…

Q: Once inside the cell, a virus particle can be transported across the cytoplasm by: a. lysosomes b.…

A: A virus is not a true cell. They are referred to as "particles" and are made up of nuclear material…

Q: 20. Viroids and prions: a. Compare viroids and prions in terms of structure and host.b. Describe how…

A: Viroids and prions are infectious agents.  These particles replicate in the host cell with the help…

Q: After attachment and entry, the next step of viral lifecycle is to…

A: To complete their life cycle, the viruses require a host cell. This is due to the fact that they…

Q: How does soap kill coronavirus?  B. Why virus can not be washed off with water along?  C. Why soap…

A: Coronavirus can be prevented by practicing good hand hygiene. The best technique to eliminate…

Q: Some drugs that inhibit HIV proliferation are inhibitors of HIV protease. Explain how these drugs…

A: The drugs used to inhibit the proliferation of HIV are actually inhibitors of protease enzyme. The…

Q: Explain how antiviral genes in your DNA get activated ? Include the names of all molecules involved…

A: The antiviral genes are the genes that generate protein which is called the antiviral protein in…

Q: Many viruses enter host cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis, What is an advantage of this…

A: Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a form of endocytosis in which only chemicals that are specifically…

Q: Identify key steps of the papillomavirus replication cycle by dragging the labels to their…

A: HPV is a circular, non-enveloped DNA virus found in the Papillomaviridae family. It is exclusively…

Q: A prophage occurs during the reproduction cycle of

A: the virus which infect the bacterial cell is termed as the bacteriophage. the prophage is formed…

Q: Once inside the host cell, viruses such as MHV must be moved towards organelles such as the ER or…

A: A virus is an infection small agent which can multiply inside living cells of plants, animals and…

Q: How do normal cells get transformed into cancerous neoplastic cells? Elaborate giving three examples…

A: According to the question, we have to explain the process by which normal cells get transformed into…

Q: A positive-strand RNA virus: a. must first be converted to a mRNA before viralproteins can be…

A: A positive -strand RNA virus can directly translate viral proteins. A  virus is a submicroscopic…

Q: Tropism refers to the spectrum of tissues infected by a virus. Which parameter can influence viral…

A: The objective of the question is to identify the factors that can influence viral tropism, which is…

Q: After a virus has entered a cell and released its nucleic acid…   A. It begins feeding on cellular…

A: This is a multiple choice question.

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.