. A string under a tension of 50.0 N is used to whirl a rock R in a horizontal circle of radius 2.50 m at a speed of 20.4 m/s frictionless on a surface as shown in Figure P6.25. As the string is pulled in, the speed of the rock increases. When the string on the table is 1.00 m long and the speed of the rock is 51.0 m/s, the string breaks. What is the breaking strength, in newtons, of the string? Figure P6.25

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**Problem 13: Roller Coaster Physics**

A roller coaster at the Six Flags Great America amusement park in Gurnee, Illinois, features innovative design technology and fundamental physics principles. Each vertical loop is designed in the shape of a teardrop instead of a circle (Figure P6.13). The cars move on the inside of the loop at the top, with speeds sufficient to keep the cars on track. The largest loop measures 40.0 m in height. Suppose the speed at the top of the loop is 13.0 m/s and the corresponding centripetal acceleration of the riders is \(2g\).

(a) What is the radius of the teardrop at the top?
(b) If the total mass of a car plus the riders is \(M\), what force does the rail exert on the car at the top?
(c) Suppose the roller coaster had a circular loop with a radius of 20.0 m. If the cars maintain the same speed of 13.0 m/s at the top, what is the centripetal acceleration of the riders?
(d) Discuss the normal force at the top in the situation described in part (c) and the advantages of teardrop-shaped loops.

**Figure P6.13 Explanation:**
The figure depicts the roller coaster loop with a teardrop shape, demonstrating how the cars travel along the inside track.

---

**Problem 25: Centripetal Force and Tension**

A string under a tension of 50.0 N is used to whirl a rock in a horizontal circle with a radius of 2.50 m and a speed of 20.4 m/s on a frictionless surface, as shown in Figure P6.25. As the string is pulled in, the speed of the rock increases. When the string on the table is 1.00 m long and the speed of the rock is 51.0 m/s, the string breaks. Find the breaking strength, in newtons, of the string.

**Figure P6.25 Explanation:**
The figure illustrates a rock being whirled in a horizontal circle on a table using a string, demonstrating the effects of tension and centripetal force.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem 13: Roller Coaster Physics** A roller coaster at the Six Flags Great America amusement park in Gurnee, Illinois, features innovative design technology and fundamental physics principles. Each vertical loop is designed in the shape of a teardrop instead of a circle (Figure P6.13). The cars move on the inside of the loop at the top, with speeds sufficient to keep the cars on track. The largest loop measures 40.0 m in height. Suppose the speed at the top of the loop is 13.0 m/s and the corresponding centripetal acceleration of the riders is \(2g\). (a) What is the radius of the teardrop at the top? (b) If the total mass of a car plus the riders is \(M\), what force does the rail exert on the car at the top? (c) Suppose the roller coaster had a circular loop with a radius of 20.0 m. If the cars maintain the same speed of 13.0 m/s at the top, what is the centripetal acceleration of the riders? (d) Discuss the normal force at the top in the situation described in part (c) and the advantages of teardrop-shaped loops. **Figure P6.13 Explanation:** The figure depicts the roller coaster loop with a teardrop shape, demonstrating how the cars travel along the inside track. --- **Problem 25: Centripetal Force and Tension** A string under a tension of 50.0 N is used to whirl a rock in a horizontal circle with a radius of 2.50 m and a speed of 20.4 m/s on a frictionless surface, as shown in Figure P6.25. As the string is pulled in, the speed of the rock increases. When the string on the table is 1.00 m long and the speed of the rock is 51.0 m/s, the string breaks. Find the breaking strength, in newtons, of the string. **Figure P6.25 Explanation:** The figure illustrates a rock being whirled in a horizontal circle on a table using a string, demonstrating the effects of tension and centripetal force.
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