Aman Majnaz R Lab 1 Spring(2024). PDF

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Statistics

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Feb 20, 2024

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Lab 1 Aman Mohammed Majnaz 2024-02-01 Question 1 What years are included in the data set? What are the dimensions of the data frame and what are the variable or column names? Source(“ http://www.openintro.org/stat/data/arbuthnot.R ”) Arbuthnot$year ## year boys girls ## Min. :1940 Min. :1211684 Min. :1148715 ## 1st Qu.:1956 1st Qu.:1799857 1st Qu.:1711405 ## Median :1971 Median :1924868 Median :1831679 ## Mean :1971 Mean :1885600 Mean :1793915 ## 3rd Qu.:1986 3rd Qu.:2058524 3rd Qu.:1965538 ## Max. :2002 Max. :2186274 Max. :2082052 The years present in the dataset are from 1940 to 2002. The dimension is 63 (rows, or records) x 3 (columns, or variables). Variables are also year, boys and girls. Dim(Arbuthnot) ## [1] 63 3 Names(Arbuthnot) ## [1] “year” “boys” “girls” The dimensions are 63 rows and 3 columns. The names of the columns are: “year” , “boys” , “girls” Question 2 How do these counts compare to Arbuthnot’s? Are they on a similar Scale? Arbuthnot’s Data set had 82 rows. The present dataset has 63 rows. By my observation ,there are not in a similar scale Question 3

Does Arbuthnot’s observation about boys being born in greater proportion than girls hold up in the U.S.? Yes. More boys than girls are born each year all the time. However, it’s also quite noticed that the ratio, while not constant, showing a decreasing trend overtime. Question 4 Make a plot that displays the boy-to-girl ratio for every year in the data set. What do you see? plot(x = present$year, y = present$boys/present$girls, type = "l") By observing the plot, we see that the Present data set has boys being born in greater proportions than girls. Question 5 In what year did we see the most number of total births in US ?

max_population <- max(present$boys+present$girls) max_population present$year[present$boys+present$girls == max_population] Based on both numerical and graphical representation of the dataset, the highest population happened in 1961 with a total number of births of 4,268,326.

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