LeeObserve2

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Nova Southeastern University *

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8006

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Statistics

Date

Jul 2, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by CaptainNarwhal4375

Assignment 2: Development of a Research Scenario Explanatory Design Develop a hypothetical research scenario that would necessitate the use of an Explanatory Design. The research will be considered non-experimental. Variable Observation Predictor O 1 Criterion O 1 1. Identify the research scenario including the relevant predictor variable and criterion variable. The research scenario entails on the setting of an elementary school serving grades K-5 in a low- income community, with the focus being on a failing title I school. The Elementary school has a system, which reports to the Department of Education. The target groups are administration, teachers, and students. Within the elementary system it includes a principal, coordinators, administrators, deans, curriculum developers, technology specialists, counselors, media specialists, teachers, and public schooled students. Following the county’s digital plan, the elementary school will improve classroom teaching and learning to enable all students to be digital learners with access to digital tools and resources for the full integration of the state standards. The relevant predictor is the new digital plan and the criterion variable is the school’s overall achievement outcome based on the use of the county’s new digital plan. 2. Develop the appropriate primary research question to be associated with this design. How will the county’s new digital plan predict elementary school achievement? 3. Describe why the observational approach and explanatory design is the most appropriate methodology to be utilized considering the research scenario. The observational approach would be with the most appropriate methodology to be utilized, because the researcher will not intervene or use experimental control (i.e., manipulation, elimination, inclusion, group, or condition assignment). The only type of control that will be utilized this particular research will be statistical. The observation approach we also be appropriate because the researcher is interested in measuring the degree of association between variables (i.e., the relationship in order to predict the outcome). In addition, the explanatory design will also be used, because the researcher will attempt to explain the degree of association between two (or more) variables. The data for this project will

be collected at the beginning of the school year from the elementary school. Canonical regression analysis will be used to summarize the collected data at the end of the school year. 4. What type of sampling procedure and sampling technique will be used to access the appropriate sample? Based on the chosen population an elementary school, which is has a population of majority low- income students that reside in the urban area of the selected county. The sampling procedure will be used in this research process and the sampling technique that will be used will be the simple random sampling, because this will allow that every individual within the population has an equal chance of being selected. 5. Discuss how the only form of control (statistical procedures) will be utilized in this scenario. The only form of control that can be used in this research is statistical control, because it is non- experimental research. In this case, statistical control is a technique that will separate out the effect of one particular independent variable from the effects of the remaining variables on the dependent variable. 6. Pick several two threats each from external, construct, and statistical conclusion validity and discuss how this will be accounted for. External Sample Characteristics: The extent to which the sample (i.e., unit) represents the population from which it is drawn (i.e., for a sample to represent a population, the researcher must employ the appropriate sampling procedures and perform random selection). Outcome Variations: Observing the effect of one type of outcome differs when alternate outcomes are observed. Construct Experimenter Expectancies: The researcher’s expectancies, beliefs, and biases about the results (e.g., if a researcher strongly believes that anxiety reduces test performance, then the interaction between the researcher and the participant may influence outcome because the delivery of instructions and adherence to protocols may change). Reactivity to assessment: The participants’ awareness of being studied may influence the outcome; also known as acquiescence bias, social desirability, and the Hawthorne or Observer effect. An unnatural reaction to any particular form of assessment (i.e., when participants know they are being assessed, the assessment is considered obtrusive and may alter outcome measures other than what they would naturally be. Statistical Conclusion Validity

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