CRM 101 Written Assignment (1)

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WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT UNDERSTANDING CRIME IN CANADA - CRM 101 (031) INSTRUCTOR NAME: DR. SALMAAN KHAN STUDENT NAME: ABDUL SUBHAN MOHAMMED STUDENT NUMBER: 501214624 DATE: 12 TH NOVEMBER 2023

SNOWPIERCER INTRODUCTION: "Snowpiercer" (2013), Bong Joon-ho's futuristic masterwork, takes place on an unstoppable train circling the frozen Earth that carries the last remains of human civilization after a failed climate-change experiment. The movie delves into the treatment of different groups on the train. Social Conflict Theory provides a thorough framework for comprehending the movie's class conflict analysis and the train dynamics. We will explore the illustration of socioeconomic disparity in the film and the revolt led by the lower class against the oppressive system, which is consistent with the major concepts of Social Conflict Theory. ANALYSING “SNOWPIERCER” WITH SOCIAL CONFLICT THEORY: The train itself becomes the first symbol of social inequality, where the privileged rich and elite are in the front carriages and the oppressed poor class in the last carriages. The living conditions of the people in the back of the train were horrible compared to those in the front who had all amenities and a luxurious style of living with everything available. It can be seen how the elite people dominate the poor with their power by utilizing them when needed for tasks such as in the scenes when they require a violinist they take a man with them and attack his wife because they need only one person and, they also took a child with them to operate the damaged engine where there was just a little space for a kid to fit and when a person tries to save the child they froze his arm and break it into pieces. This supports the argument of Ralf Dahrendorf, those who have authority and utilize it to dominate others and those who lack authority and are dominated (Siegel & McCormick, 2023, p. 288). Demoralized by the capitalist society, a rebellion led by Curtis and the lower-class passengers of the train was a response to the conflict arising from social inequality. The lower class,

facing the persistent oppression imposed by the ruling elite, rebels against the established order moving towards the front of the train and aiming to take control of the engine , highlighting the role of social conflict in shaping criminal behaviour as a form of resistance. The plot twist was when Wilford and Gilliam the obvious icons of the top and lower classes seemingly opposing figures had worked together to arrange the revolt. They collaborated to engineer the rebellion to control the population of the train because resources were limited, and maintaining a balance between the number of passengers and available supplies was crucial for the survival of the entire community. This depicts the Marxist study on social conflict theory where crime and its control are functions of capitalism (Siegel & McCormick, 2023, p. 300). The way they tried to reduce the population of the train by eliminating the lives of lower-class people clearly shows that the capitalist justice system is biased against the working class and favours upper-class interests which substantiates the words of Willem Bonger (Siegel & McCormick, 2023, p. 288). Wilford even killed Gilliam because things didn’t go as they planned. The killing of Gilliam, when analysed through Social Conflict Theory, provides insights into how those in power manipulate and shape conflicts to preserve their authority. CONCLUSION: The narrative emphasizes the journey from the tail to the front, the constant struggle for resources, and the characters' determination to break free from the oppressive system, all reinforcing the themes of social conflict. Controlled deviance emerges as a prominent topic, demonstrating rebellion as a genuine response to injustice but as a strategically crafted performance to serve the elite population on the train. Social Conflict Theory gives a framework to view the intentionally planned formation of disputes, provoking exploration of the legitimacy of societal conflicts.

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LORD OF FLIES INTRODUCTION: The film adaption of William Golding's "Lord of the Flies" is a fascinating investigation of human behaviour in the absence of societal limitations. Stranded on a deserted island A group of British youngsters faces survival challenges without adult supervision. The Choice theory which is based on the 18th-century social philosophers Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham's classical criminology analyses the rational decision-making, opportunities, and weighing of costs and advantages that underpin the boys' journey into savagery. As we go deeper into the story, we aim to uncover the complex relationship between rational choices and deviant behaviour in a world where old societal structures are disintegrating. ANALYSING “LORD OF FLIES” WITH CHOICE THEORY: The core principle of Choice Theory posits that individuals choose all behaviour, including crime (Siegel & McCormick, 2023, p. 135). This is vividly illustrated in "Lord of the Flies" through the character of Jack when he rises for leadership, driven by the rational desire for food, denies Ralph’s orders, and decides to abandon the signal fire. He then announces himself as a leader violating Ralph as leader which reflects on the principle that a violation of another person is a violation of the social contract (Siegel & McCormick, 2023, p. 135). In the movie, several boys join Jack's side enticed by the promise of immediate gratification, power, and a sense of belonging. Jack's leadership offers a perceived sense of security, derived from the immediate satisfaction of basic needs like food and the freedom from strict adherence to rules. An intriguing dimension of Choice Theory comes to the fore as individuals within the group make decisions based on the trade-off between liberty and social protection (Siegel & McCormick, 2023, p. 135).

Jack’s tribe identified Ralph’s group as a suitable target to commit crimes because they didn’t have any capable guardians to be frightened (Siegel & McCormick, 2023, p. 140). They stole Piggy’s spectacles to light the fire identifying him as a weak suitable target (Siegel & McCormick, 2023, p. 140). The boys in Jack’s faction were motivated by the pursuit of pleasure. When Jack and his friends go to retrieve Piggy’s glasses Jack’s tribe abuses them, makes fun of them and then Jack orders his people to tie Sam and Eric friends of Ralph. Eventually, this behaviour also leads to the killing of Piggy by pushing a huge rock onto him from the top of the cliff. This miserable incident underlines the harsher effects of actions done without regard for social norms and ethical considerations. The whole tribe of Jack is after Ralph to find and kill him. Interactive effects from the choice theory examine these incidents which states criminals with motivation will only engage in unlawful activities if they find suitable targets and the opportunity to exploit them (Siegel & McCormick, 2023, p. 140). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, 'Lord of the Flies' is a compelling cinematic investigation of Choice Theory in action. Jack becoming leader the terrible events surrounding Piggy's death, and many other incidents highlight the significance of the choice theory. Through the lens of Choice Theory, the film prompts us to consider how individual rationality, when influenced by primitive desires and the pursuit of immediate pleasure, can lead to the disintegration of established norms and the perpetration of heinous acts in the absence of societal structures. The boy’s deviant activities on the deserted island are carefully shaped by rational decision-making, opportunity, and the weighing of costs and advantages.

REFERENCES Siegel, L., & McCormick, C. (2023). Criminology in Canada: Theories, Patterns and Typologies (8th ed.). Toronto: Nelson.

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