Chapter 5 Quiz

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Chapter 5 Quiz  If a control group realizes they are being denied some advantage, which two processes may create invalid experimental findings: o Compensatory rivalry and demoralization  After they had failed the writing exam that was required of all students before graduation, fifteen students were placed in a class in which they received additional tutoring. After completing this class, all fifteen students retook the exam earned higher scores. Their success was held up as an example that the class curriculum really works. What source of internal invalidity has not been considered? o Regression  A university conducts a series of surveys in which subjects are drawn from first year social work students and graduating social work students and finds that graduating students demonstrate much higher rates of approval for the university (in terms of whether they think the classes were relevant, the instructors were competent, etc.). The university then claims that more experience with the university leads to higher approval. What source of internal invalidity has the university not considered? o Selection bias?  Which of the following are threats to internal validity? o Endogenous change; external events; contamination (all of the above)

 True experiments are designed to maximize: o Internal validity.  The potential for interaction of testing and treatment creates the least concern in which of the following designs: o Solomon Four Group designs  Which of the following types of contamination can occur if the comparison members understand that they are not part of an experimental group? o Resentful demoralization  In Sherman and Berk’s (1984) study of the effect of arrest on future domestic violence, police officers determined which subjects would be arrested based on random selection, made while officers were responding to actual calls for domestic disturbances. Their study is a good example of: o A field experiment  The threat of testing as a source of internal invalidity in experiments occurs when there is: o A pretest  A technique used to avoid treatment misidentification by using periodic measures throughout the experiment to ensure that the treatment is delivered as planes is called: o Process analysis

 True experimental and quasi-experimental designs establish association through: o Radom assignment into tow or more comparison groups?  Performing true experiments in an agency setting are challenging because: o The experimental program cannot change during the course of treatment; people are suspicious of new treatment; implementation dependent on staff with different skill levels (all of the above).  In an experiment, the post-test measures: o The dependent variable  A true experiment must have all of the following EXCEPT: o A measurement of the dependent variable before treatment.  Which of the following is FALSE about pretesting in experiments? o It allows researchers to test for ambiguity in measurement instruments.  Quasi-experimental designs are like true experiments, EXCEPT: o They do not randomly assign subjects to groups.  The common feature of all before-and-after designs is: o All cases receive the experimental treatment.  A researcher is concerned that gender may affect how subjects respond to an experimental stimulus. So subjects are paired with another subject who has the same gender, and one member from each

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pair is assigned by a flip of a coin to the experimental group and one to the control group. This method of assigning subjects to groups is called: o Matching  A true experiment allows the establishment of nonspuriousness through: o Random assignment into two or more comparison groups.  A researcher randomly assigns people into two groups: one that will receive the experimental treatment and one that will not. The group that receives the treatment is called the: o Experimental group

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