Rel 302 - Study Guide

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Brigham Young University *

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302

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Religion

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May 9, 2024

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docx

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1 OT Study Guide *This document will serve as a note taking guide that will help you focus on some important key concepts. While questions such as “why does this matter” and “what did you learn” seem like they are optional, they will prepare you for essay questions on the test. You will find that it will be helpful to understand the general storyline and dates as well. Table of Contents Job Job 1-2, 13, 19, 42 King Solomon 1 Kings 1-3, 9, 11 The Temple 1 Kings 5-8 Divided Kingdom 1 Kings 12-16 Elijah 1 Kings 17-19, 21; 2 Kings 1-2 Elisha 2 Kings 3-6, 9-11 Hosea Hosea 1-2 Hosea Hosea 5, 8, 11, 13-14 Amos Amos 1, 3, 5-9 Jonah Jonah 1-4; Nahum 2-3 Isaiah Isaiah 6-9 Isaiah Isaiah 52, 53, 63 Micah & Joel Micah 1, 4-7; Joel 1-3; 2 Kings 15-17 Jeremiah’s Mission Jeremiah 1-3, 7, 9, 11, 20 Jeremiah’s Mission and the Book of Mormon Jeremiah 26-29, 31, 36-39 Ezekiel in Exile Ezekiel 1-4, 11, 14, 33 Daniel Daniel 1-4 Daniel’s Visions Daniel 5-7, 10-12 Ezra and Nehemiah Ezra 1, 3-6; Neh 13 Malachi Malachi 1-4 Tables and Charts Timeline of Kings of Judah and Israel (use for dates) Table of Contents
2 Job Historical Overview: “Do you read the scriptures, my brethren and sisters, as though you were writing them a thousand, two thousand, or five thousand years ago? Do you read them as though you stood in the place of the men who wrote them? If you do not feel thus, it is your privilege to do so, that you may be as familiar with the spirit and meaning of the written word of God as you are with your daily walk and conversation.” – Brigham Young It is important to understand what is happening in the ancient setting and context when a prophet receives a revelation. The world and environment in which revelations were given and received situates the meaning and purpose behind what the Lord was revealing and what he wanted the people to know and do. Throughout the Old Testament, spiritual and physical lives were frequently at stake and heeding the messages of prophets was literally the difference between life and death, joy and sorrow. We also frequently find counsel as the Lord tenderly and lovingly tries to bring peace and happiness into the lives of his children. The story of Job is one in which we witness sorrow and heartache, pain and endurance, hopelessness and hope. We witness a man who has lost everything but gained everything through the lens of an eternal perspective. Through the life a Job we learn of suffering and enduring trials, and we see that through the trials we experience throughout our lives that the Lord still cares, and he is still present and leading us closer and closer to the relief we never thought was possible. For us, experiencing these trials, relief never comes soon enough. However, for Job, the end was sweeter than anything he ever could have imagined. His faith had grown and been strengthened, and he had a greater perspective of eternity knowing that his losses and suffering, as great as they were, were temporary and now he knew the Lord more than he ever had before. What is happening in general? Job goes through the ultimate suffering and gets closer to God as it goes on, but Job thinks that he’s actually farther away in every trial. What is specifically happening? Job has not done anything wrong; he just is pointing the finger at God which is his only sin. As he goes through his trials, he begins to learn the irony in his thoughts as he finds that God is the one that’s been there all along. When is it happening? - Age of the Patriarchs- how do we know? The use of sacrifices - Bronze Age o ʾiyyôb (Heb. ‘where is father?’) – common name in 2 nd Millennium BC o Offering private sacrifices o Head of the family and priestly duties o Stories of suffering circulating throughout ANE (in o The Bronze Age (Patriarchal Period) – story does fit in that Environment o Other items of note? Who is involved? Eliphaz (Job 4:1-9) Table of Contents
3 He observes that no one is ever completely sinless. In no uncertain terms he upholds the theology of retribution. Bildad (8:1-6) He applies the theology of retribution relentlessly. He claims that Job's children must have been notable sinners to be treated so brutally by God. No doubt they died justifiably. Zophar (11:1-7) Zophar (11:1-7) He claims that Job must be suffering for his own sin. Even though Job will not admit it publicly, he must be a sinner. Elihu (32- 37) Elihu speaks (32-37) after Job's other three friends have had their say. He says that suffering is the way God communicates with human beings. It is the way God reveals that we are sinners and that he considers sin a serious offense. What effect do the revelations have? What is the result? Important Doctrinal Issues and Teachings The Conversations with Satan: Job 1:7-12 Job’s restoration Dates and concepts of importance: The key to the major concept to be gleaned from Job is the Lord’s oft-quoted words to Joseph Smith: “Thou art not yet as Job.” ( D&C 121:10 .) What was the purpose for the suffering of Job and of the Prophet Joseph Smith? It is evident from verse 10 that Joseph Smith had not yet suffered all he would suffer; but if he endured his suffering well, verse 8 [ D&C 121:8] promises him that God would exalt him and that he would triumph over all his foes. The implication is that enduring afflictions well is one of the steps that leads to exaltation. - L. La Mar Adams, “Job: The Man and His Message,” Ensign, Mar. 1982, 73 The story of Job in the Old Testament relates three of the great tests we all should be prepared to face at some period in our lives. First, temporal setbacks . Job lost all he owned. Second, physical illness that will test our faith and testimony. And third, depression . Job said, “Why died I not from the womb?” (Job 3:11). “My soul is weary of my life” (Job 10:1). But the great lesson of Job is that, “in all this Job sinned not, nor charged God foolishly” (Job 1:22). Too often when Table of Contents
4 adversity strikes, we use it as a justification to commit sin and turn away from the teachings of Jesus Christ, the prophets who lead us, and our family and friends. Job maintained his testimony and was blessed for his unwavering faith that God lived and that he would dwell in God’s presence. - Robert D. Hales, “Examples from the Life of a Prophet,” Ensign, Nov. 1981, 19. Student Summary and Journal: Why does all this matter? What have you learned and what Spiritual insights have you gained? How will you use and implement this information? Table of Contents
5 King Solomon Historical Overview: It is important to recognize what is happening historically as we approach the succession of Solomon as king. David has been through a tragic life of adultery, murder, the death of the child that was conceived through his indiscretion with Bathsheba, his own sons seeking to take is life, factions amongst his troops, and splits between the military and religious leaders that had begun when David had his own rough road with the king and his father-in-law, Saul. 1 Kings picks up on the heels of this difficult time and throws us immediately into political unrest over the succession of kings: Adonijah or Solomon. What is happening in general? Coronation story What is specifically happening? Solomon at Gibeon Coronation events Solomon on David’s donkey When is it happening? David: 1000-961 Solomon, 961-922 Who is involved? Solomon Adonijah Abiathar Joab Shimei Benaiah What effect do the revelations/events have? What is the result? Important Doctrinal Issues and Teachings Pride Discerning and accepting the will of God Dates and concepts of importance: Compare 1 Kings 1:32-35 and Matthew 21:1-5, 9 Pride is essentially competitive in nature. We pit our will against God’s. When we direct our pride toward God, it is in the spirit of “my will and not thine be done.” As Paul said, they “seek their own, not the things which are Jesus Christ’s.” ( Philip. 2:21 .) Table of Contents
6 - Ezra Taft Benson, “Beware of Pride” May 1989 How many of you are seeking for these gifts that God has promised to bestow? How many of you, when you bow before your Heavenly Father in your family circle or in your secret places, contend for these gifts to be bestowed upon you? How many of you ask the Father in the name of Jesus to manifest Himself to you through these powers and these gifts? Or do you go along day by day like a door turning on its hinges, with-out having any feeling upon the subject, without exercising any faith whatever, content to be baptized and be members of the Church and to rest there, thinking that your salvation is secure because you have done this? I say to you, in the name of the Lord, as one of His servants, that you have need to repent of this. You have need to repent of your hardness of heart, of your indifference and of your carelessness. There is not that diligence, there is not that faith, there is not that seeking for the power of God that there should be among a people who have received the precious promises we have If any of us are imperfect, it is our duty to pray for the gift that will make us perfect. Have I imperfections? I am full of them. What is my duty? To pray to God to give me the gifts that will correct these imperfections. They are intended for this purpose. No man ought to say, “Oh, I cannot help this; it is my nature.” He is not justified in it, for the reason that God has promised to give strength to correct these things and to give gifts that will eradicate them. That is the design of God concerning His children. He wants His Saints to be perfected in the truth (Nov. 26, 1893, DW 48:34–35). The Lord has said in a revelation to the Church that the Saints should “seek ye earnestly the best gifts, always remembering for what they are given; for verily I say unto you, they are given for the benefit of those who love me and keep all my commandments” (D&C 46:8–9). How many Latter-day Saints are there who supplicate the Lord for the gifts which they need? Every defect in the human character can be corrected through the exercise of faith and pleading with the Lord for the gifts that He has said He will give unto those who believe and obey His commandments. - Gospel Truth: Discourses and Writings of President George Q. Cannon [Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1987], 154–55 Student Summary and Journal: Why does all this matter? What have you learned? Table of Contents
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