Study guide 2

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Psychology

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Jul 2, 2024

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Study guide: Exam 2. This study guide is not comprehensive and is only intended to exemplify the depth and breadth of topics that may appear on the exam! Practice multiple choice: For all items, choose the one, best answer. 1. What is the vividness effect that occurs with testimonials? A) People tend to retrieve more vivid evidence from memory. 2. People choose their own environments to some extent and, thus, create correlations between behavioral characteristics and environmental variables. The term for this bias is the _____________________________ bias. B) selection 3. As noted in the textbook, research on the relationship between self-esteem and school achievement has shown A) the probable relationship is one where school achievement influences self-esteem 4. _______________ and ___________________ are two types of statistics that allow you to recalculate the correlation between 2 variables after the influence of other variables is removed (i.e., controlled, partialled out) B) Multiple regression and path analysis 5. One view of science is ____________ which is the idea that the only good scientific theories are those that give ultimate explanations of phenomena in terms of their underlying essences or their essential properties. D) essentialism 6. In science, the term for hypothetical attributes, characteristics, or mechanisms that cannot be directly observed but are useful for describing and explaining behavior is _____________ A) constructs 7. If I give my honesty scale to a sample of research participants and they get similar scores the first time around compared to one month later, the test has high ____ A) test-retest reliability 8.  James ____________________ (aka "The Amazing ____") is a skeptic who has received a genius grant for his work in debunking unwarranted claims about psychic phenomena and other illusions. C) Randi
9. Case studies are detailed descriptions of single cases or a few cases (e.g., individuals or even groups or organizations). They often represent ________ data available, and they can be useful in ___________ stages of research. C) the only; early 10. Which is the best description of operational definitions? B) They specify how (and preferably in what units) the phenomenon is measured.
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