Chronic Illness Week 4

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CHRONIC ILLNESS 1 Chronic Illness: Maintenance and Coping Callie Stanley Health Psychology, University of West Alabama James Gilbert June 1, 2024

CHRONIC ILLNESS 2 Chronic Illness: Maintenance and Coping Many people have chronic health conditions that affect different parts of the body and can last for a long period of time. These types of conditions can be controlled, but they are not cured and patients need to understand how to manage them in order to effectively cope. Chronic illnesses often mean that people have to make lifestyle changes and sometimes need therapy in order to adapt. There are a variety of chronic conditions that impact a person’s daily lives and it is essential to have the necessary support and education to enhance their overall wellbeing. Chronic illness can have complex causes and a variety of risk factors. There are many different types of chronic illnesses that range in severity. Some of the most common conditions are: respiratory disorders such as asthma or cystic fibrosis, diabetes, eating disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, and arthritis. Over 40% of school age children have at least one chronic illness (Lepore-Stevens, 2024,1). Chronic illnesses can happen suddenly or stay around for a long period of time. These illnesses last one year or more and also require ongoing medical attention. One thing that is very much needed is patient education. Patients need to know all about their illness and how to effectively understand signs and symptoms and other things that would need to be communicated with a doctor. For example, patients need to understand that they cannot stop medication for chronic illness just because they start to feel better (Taylor, 2012, 237). Chronic illnesses can cause a lot of stress in people. People with chronic disorders are more likely to suffer from psychological disorders then someone without a chronic illness (Shao et.al., 2019, 1). They first have to live with the physical issues of their illness and this can impact their day to day lives and also take emotional tolls on them. They also have to have routine doctor visits and can be affected by time management. People with chronic illnesses need to maintain confidence and a good positive outlook in order to balance their emotions and this can

CHRONIC ILLNESS 3 take a while to cope with. Personality characteristics and social support can influence how well they cope. They adapt better when they have an optimistic outlook and have perceived control (Shao et.al., 2019, 2). It is important that they do not self-blame which often occurs. This can lead to depression and people end up requiring coping strategies in order to move forward. Another aspect that people with chronic illnesses need to cope with is understanding their illness in full. This will help people improve how an illness is maintained and even prolong life. It can also help with improving a person’s quality of life because they can be on top of their condition. Certain medications have to be taken at certain times with different conditions. It is essential for a person to know this. An example of this would be a diabetic. They have to understand and recognize signs and symptoms of changes in blood sugar and manage it using medication or insulin. It is essential for people to understand the financial resources needed to maintain their illness and make adjustments as needed. Medical bills can cause a strain on a person’s financial status. This is another reason why patient education is essential. People need to be aware of what is needed to maintain their illness and ensure they have health insurance and make financial changes if needed. The patient education can also help in preventing secondary illnesses related to the chronic related illness they already have. Chronic illnesses can happen to anyone and are something that requires lifestyle changes. This can affect a person physically, but also affect them psychologically. In order to adapt to this, it is essential for people to understand their illness in full and have proper education as well as a full understanding of the financial resources. They need to be aware that chronic illnesses can be maintained but cannot be cured; in order to cope, they need to have a good support system with easily accessible resources. References

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CHRONIC ILLNESS 4 Lepore-Stevens, M. (2024). Supporting Students with Chronic Illnesses during Physical Education and Sport. Palaestra , 38 (2), 43–50. Shao, J., Yang, H., Du, W., Lei, H., & Zhang, Q. (2019). Commonalities and Differences in Psychological Adjustment to Chronic Illnesses Among Older Adults: a Comparative Study Based on the Stress and Coping Paradigm. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine , 26 (2), 143–153. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uwa.edu/10.1007/s12529-019-09773- 8. Taylor, S.E. (2012). Health psychology (9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

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