Assignment # 4-Chapter 18-student copy

docx

School

Central Georgia Technical College *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

2111

Subject

Political Science

Date

Dec 6, 2023

Type

docx

Pages

6

Uploaded by MateOxideTarsier37

Report
American Government & Politics Today 19e Assignment # 4 – Chapter 18 – State & Local Government 1) Match the definition with the words listed below (20 pts) Charter / Consolidation / Constitutional Initiative / Cooley’s Rule / Council of Governments (COG) / County / Dillon’s Rule / Functional Consolidation / General Law City / General Sales Tax / Home Rule City / Item Veto / Municipal Home Rule / New England Town / Property Tax / Selectperson / Town Manager System / Town Meeting / Unincorporated Area The governing authority of a New England town. Qualified voters may participate in the election of officers and the passage of legislation. Town Meeting A governmental unit in the New England states that combines the roles of city and county in one unit. New England Town A tax levied as a proportion of the retail price of a commodity at the point of sale. General Sales Tax An area not located within the boundary of municipality. Unincorporated Area A document issued by a government that grants to a person, a group of persons, or a corporation the right to carry on one or more specific activities. A state government can grant a charter to a municipality. Charter The narrowest possible interpretation of the legal status of local governments, outlined by Judge John E. Dillon, who in 1872 stated that a municipal corporation can exercise only those powers expressly granted by state law. Dillon’s Rule A city operating under general state laws that apply to all local governmental units of a similar type. General Law City A rural unit of government based on federal land surveys of the American frontier in the 1780s. Townships have declined significantly in importance. Township A city permitted by the state to let local voters frame, adopt, and amend their own charter. Home rule city The union of two or more governmental units Consolidation
to form a single unit. The power exercised by the governors of most states to veto particular sections or items of an appropriations bill while signing the remainder of the bill into law. Item veto A form of town government in which voters elect three selectpersons, who then appoint a professional town manager, who in turn appoints other officials. Selectperson The power vested in a local unit of government to draft or change its own charter and to manage its own affairs. Municipal home rule A tax on the value of real estate. This tax is a particularly important source of revenue for local governments. Property Tax An electoral device whereby citizens can propose a constitutional amendment through petitions signed by the required number of registered voters. Constitutional Initiative Cooperation by two or more units of local government in providing services to their inhabitants. This is generally done by unifying a set of departments (e.g., the police departments) into a single agency. Functional Consolidation The view that cities should be able to govern themselves, presented in an 1871 Michigan decision by Judge Thomas Cooley. Cooley’s Rule A voluntary organization of counties and municipalities concerned with area-wide problems. Council of Governments (COG) The chief governmental unit set up by the state to administer state law and business at the local level. Counties are drawn up by area, rather than by rural or urban criteria. County A member of the governing group of a town.
2) Fill In the sample State Court System Chart.pg 671 (8pts) State Supreme Court Intermediate Appellate Courts Superior Court County Court Municipal Court Probate Court Domestic Relations Court Justice of the Peace and Police Magistrate
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
  • Access to all documents
  • Unlimited textbook solutions
  • 24/7 expert homework help
3) Define the function of each court listed below: 8 pts County Court: Domestic Relations Court: Intermediate Appellate Courts: Justice of the Peace & Police Magistrate: Municipal Courts: Probate Court: State Supreme Court: Superior Court: This court, sometimes called Common Pleas or District Court, has limited jurisdiction in both civil and criminal cases Also called Family Court or Juvenile Court About three-fourths of the states have intermediate appellate courts, which are intermediate appellate tribunals between the trial courts and the courts of final resort. A majority of cases on appeal are decided finally by these appellate courts. Lowest courts in judicial hierarchy. Limited in jurisdiction in both civil and criminal cases In some cities, it is customary to have less important cases tried by municipal justices or municipal magistrates. Some states call it Surrogate Court or Orphans’ Court. It is a special court that handles wills, administration of estates, and guardianship of minors and incompetents. Court of final resort. Some states call it Court of Appeals. Supreme Judicial Court, or Supreme Court of Appeals. Highest trial court with general jurisdiction. Some states call it Circuit Court, District Court of Common Pleas, and in New York, Supreme Court
4) List the 5 types and number of the Local Governments in the United States from 2012 U.S. Census Bureau, fill in the table below: (12 points) Local Governments in the United States NUMBER Municipalities 19,000 Counties 3,000 Townships 16,360 Special Districts 38,266 School Districts 12,880 TOTAL 90,056 Each multiple choice (27 pts – 3pts each) 5) Which of the following is true of the federal system in the United States? a. The states have most of the power. b. Local governments create the state governments. c. Governmental programs are mostly the exclusive responsibility of the federal government. d . There are 50 separate state governments and one national government. 6) When studying American government, why is it important to learn about local governments? 7) Your state has just levied a new income tax. What type of power is it exercising? a. Implied b. Reserved c. Inherent d. Remanded 8) Your state has imposed a new traffic law by setting the speed limit on certain highways within the state to 70 mph. What type of general power allows the state to do this? a. Police b. Fiduciary c. Commerce d. Federal a. Local governments can reverse the decisions of the state and federal governments. b. Local governments have the greatest day-to-day impact on the lives of citizens. c. Local governments are specifically addressed in the Constitution. d. Local governments all together spend more than the federal government.
9) Which of the following entities has the power to regulate intrastate commerce? a. Congress b. State governments c. The president d. National Transportation and Safety Board (NTSB) 10) What does the Constitution say in Article VI, Clause 2 regarding state and local governmental activity? a. It is permitted in actions that do not involve the national government. b. It is unlimited because of fears of a strong national government dating to the Articles of Confederation. c. It is under the oversight of the legislative branch of the national government. d. It is restricted because of the supremacy of the national government. 11) Consider the founders of your state drafting the state's constitution, which is lengthy and very detailed. Why might they feel the need to be so specific in the state constitution? a. To protect themselves from the exercise of the supremacy clause by the federal government b. To protect themselves from the overreaching authority of other states c. Because state courts interpret their constitutions in a much more broad and liberal manner than the Supreme Court interprets the U.S. Constitution d. To fill gaps left by the very brief federal Constitution. 12) Regarding the U.S. Constitution, which of the following is true of state and local laws? a. They must be acknowledged by an existing amendment to the U.S Constitution. b. They must not conflict with the U.S Constitution. c. They must consider future Supreme Court opinions. d. They must be in opposition to the U.S. Constitution. 13) Which of the following do all state governments in the United States have? a. A unicameral legislature b. A parliamentary system of government c. A provision allowing citizens to vote to alter state boundaries d. An executive, legislative, and judicial branch
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
  • Access to all documents
  • Unlimited textbook solutions
  • 24/7 expert homework help