Lab #4

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Apr 3, 2024

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Lab 4 Report Section 04: Constant Acceleration Pivot Interactivities Giselle Paz 6/14/21 PHYS 1403
INTRODUCTION In this lab, we discover and understand the principle of constant acceleration. To learn this topic, in this experimental video, we use a Modified Atwoods’s Machine. Typically, this tool is used so that we can uncover how mass and force influence acceleration. Overall, in this experiment, we explore the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration, review Newton’s laws of motion and the Free Body Diagram, and the correlation of position, acceleration, and velocity vs time using a graph. MATERIALS ● Modified Atwood’s Machine ● Ruler ● Timer ● String PROCEDURE 1. Begin by allowing the video to fully play to see the phenomena of the Modified Atwood’s machine in action. 2. This experiment is customizable meaning that you are able to select your masses. In this step, select a value for “ System Mass ”; this number is a set value ( this is constant- do not change this number ). On the bottom left of your screen, you will see a “ change ” button, select the button. I chose a System Mass of 700 + 0.1 g . 3. In this step, you will now be changing the values for the Hanging Mass (unlike the System Mass these values do vary ). Since the table asks us to collect 5 different measurements, we will be using all Hanging Mass values except 00 + 0.1 g . *Remember to record all the data you collect. This is what both masses look like:
4. Next, we will set up our timer and ruler (click on the tools icon and select the timer and ruler). For the first Hanging Mass value, I chose 80 + 0.1 g. After loading the mass, allow the video to play until the string is cut. Then, place the ruler right next to the track and reset the timer. 5. Now, can play the video. Record your time and centimeters; I recorded each Hanging Mass at 30cm. Repeat the same process for all Hanging Masses . 6. We will now be creating a second table/graph . Simply follow the same procedures; however, this time you will maintain a constant Hanging Mass and change the System Mass. DATA & DATA ANALYSIS First Table & Graph: Constant System Mass
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In the above table and graph, our Hanging Mass varied (I converted g to kg), and our System Mass remained constant . Additionally, we calculated our a cceleration and force . We also obtained a linear graph with a slope of 1.41 1/kg - our slope is the inverse of the mass . Using Newton’s Second Law of Motion, F=ma, we were able to later plug in our numbers; I got 700 g as my answer for m, mass, I was able to see that the data I had collected was correct because I did in fact use 700 g as my System Mass. Second Table & Graph: Constant Hanging Mass
In this table and graph, our System Mass varied , and our Hanging Mass remained constant (80 g + 0.1). Here, we too calculated a cceleration and force . For this data, our graph was a curved line/parabola with a slope of 0.591 1/kg which is also an inverse of the mass. CONCLUSION The purpose of this lab was to understand the concept of constant acceleration. For us to learn and see this, we obtained two graphs. In the first graph , we change the Hanging Mass while maintaining a constant System Mass - we ended up with a linear graph . Additionally, we calculated the acceleration and force with the data we recorded and familiarized ourselves with the physical significance of the slope , which in this lab, was to represent the inverse of the mass . Here, Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion was put to use: F=ma. For this formula to correlate with our graph, we rearranged the variables to where we now had a=F/m (to check if we were correct, we end up with the system mass we used-700 g.) Our second graph utilizes the same process; however, here the only difference is that we change the System Mas s and maintain a constant Hanging Mass - the graph was a curved line/parabola. Overall, we were able to see the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration .
PERSONAL LEARNING EXPERIENCE I enjoyed this experiment even though I encountered some difficulties! Utilizing the modified Atwood’s Machine allowed me to actually see how both the mass and force affect acceleration. Not only was using the Atwood’s Machine tool helpful but so was being able to record the different masses and times, and then being able to graph the data to visualize the influence on acceleration. I also grew familiar with the physical significance of the slope, which in this case, was the inverse of the mass. I was able to review Newton’s 2nd Law: F=ma. Overall, I learned and observed how the acceleration was influenced for every mass and force utilized in both graphs. I had a few difficulties because there was not as much information/instruction for how to go about doing this lab; however, even then, I was soon able to figure it out!
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