optics

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The City College of New York, CUNY *

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208

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Physics

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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pdf

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Uploaded by JudgeAlligator4081

Ray Optics Diaa Zedeia The City College of New York Physics 208 Lab Partners: Brandon, Shifat Instructor: Jose Ortiz-Soto

Introduction: In today’s physics lab, we will be going over ray optics and performing experiments that help us understand ray optics. We will experiment on the different types of optics that have different effects. We will also learn how we can magnify the image that comes out of the source and how we can clarify the image. Ray Optics are used in our daily lives such as the reflectors in our headlight cars which allow the light produced by the bulb onto the road. Another application would be spherical mirrors which are used in creating more safety on the road because it provides the driver a larger field of vision. Procedure: Experiment 1: 1. First we plugged in the light source in the outlet 2. We placed the light source on one far end of the track 3. We placed the lens on track in front of the light source 4. We placed the screen behind the lens 5. We then moved the lens to such distance that makes the image that comes out of the light source clearer 6. Then we recorded data on the distances that were used for the screen and the lens 7. Repeated steps 3 to 6 for the next lens. Experiment 2: 1. We first placed one lens in front of the light source 2. Then we placed the other lens in front of the first lens 3. We then adjusted the distance between the two lens 4. Lastly we looked through the lens and recorded what we observed

Experiment 1: Data: Lens 1 (20.7cm): Distance of lens from the light source Distance of the screen from the light source 30.6 cm 47cm Lens 2 (10.3cm): Distance of lens from the light source Distance of the screen from the light source 62.5 cm 94cm Calculations: n 1 : (values are from lens 1 data) n 2 : (values are from lens 2 data) (1/p) + (1/i) = (1/f) (1/p) + (1/i) = (1/f) (1/f) = 0.0540 (1/f) = 0.0266 (1/f) = (n - 1)((1/R 1 ) + (1/R 1 )) (1/f) = (n - 1)((1/R 2 ) + (1/R 2 )) 0.0540 = (n - 1)((1/20.7) + (1/20.7)) 0.0266 = (n - 1)((1/10.3) + (1/10.3)) n 1 = 1.56 n 2 = 1.14 Questions: 1. Your report should include a description of the experiment you devised to determine the two indices of refraction. You should discuss how confident you are in the measurement, and what basis you have for saying they are the same or different.

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After my calculations we can see that the n values for both lenses are fairly close making it so I can conclude that they are the same material. A value of 1.56 and 1.14 are fairly close to each other. 2. Find a table of n values on the internet and see if you can determine the exact type of material. Essilor. 3. Make sure to include a ray diagram showing how you produced the images.

Experiment 2: Questions: 1. Calculate the magnification of your telescope. M = (H image )/(H object ) 2. Draw a ray diagram of the telescope. 3. Record images like the globe image above to check the magnification values that you obtain analytically. After setting up the experiment we have concluded that the image that's been produced was a real image which means the image would be viewed upside down as shown in the images below.

Conclusion: In conclusion, we have learned that each optics has different reactions to light; some would produce a magnified image bigger than other lenses. In experiment one we have found that after calculating the n value for each lens we got fairly close values to each other and have predicted that they have the same material because of that. That prediction was wrong because optics n values even in the slightest n difference could mean a different material that’s been used for this optic. In experiment two we also predicted that the image would produce a virtual image but what we got was a real image and have learned that's how optic works. Some human error is measuring the exact distance of the lenses from the light source, that goes the same for the screen we might not have gotten the exact distance from the light source.

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