Lab3 _phys 1110_projectile motion zimmerman - Copy - Copy

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Emile Zimmerman Lab 3 Projectiles PHYS1110L Introduction In this lab experiment, we will be investigating the effects of speed, time, and angles of projectiles. We will be shooting artificial cannonballs at varying speeds, heights, and angles to examine the effect on distance and speed of projectiles. We will first investigate speed’s effect with a constant height and angle to see it’s effect on range. I believe with increasing the speed, it should increase the range and flight time of the projectile. Second, we will be investigating the effect angle has on projectiles' flight time and range. The cannon will have a set variables in height and speed, but the angle will change. I believe that the larger the angle, the higher the projectile will go, and it will create a smaller range. I also expect that the small angles will also create a smaller range as it will hit the ground more quickly. The sweet spot will be 45 degrees. Lastly, we will be looking into the relationship between launch height with flight time and range. I expect that with more height will come more distance with similar times. Table 1 Initial speed(m/s) Time(s) Range(m) 5 1.43 7.14 10 1.43 14.28 15 1.43 21.42 20 1.43 28.56 25 1.43 35.7 30 1.43 42.84 1

1. Describe what happens to the flight time value when the initial speed changes for the same projectile. Explain why this makes sense. When increasing the speed of the projectile, you will see an increase in range but the time it takes to get each distance is constant. This happens because the increase of speed has the projectile travel further in the same time. 2. Describe what happens to the range value when the initial speed changes for the same projectile? Explain why this makes sense. When the amount of speed is increased for a projectile, it causes an increase in range. The more speed you add, the further the projectile will travel. Procedure Part II: relationship of flight time and range with launch angle Starting with initial values of cannon height = 0 m and initial speed = 10 m/s for the cannon ball (still with gravity being 9.81 m/s 2 and no air resistance), investigate the importance of launch angle. Try 25°, 35°, 45°, 55°, and 65°. Complete Table 2. Table 2 Launch Angle (deg) Time(s) Range(m) 2

25 0.86 7.81 35 1.17 9.58 45 1.44 10.19 55 1.67 9.58 65 1.85 7.81 1. Which angle allowed the cannon ball to travel farthest? The angle that allowed the cannon ball to travel farthest is the 45-degree angle. 2. Do you notice a pattern in the ranges as a function of launch angle? If so, what is it and how can you explain it (hint: use the kinematic equations)? Yes, I noticed a pattern form in the range data that I collected; it creates a parabola shape when plotted. The cannonball is moving with both vertical and horizontal motion. That creates an upward and downward trend where the vertical trend will reach a high point then turn into a downward direction whereas the horizontal will remain constant. Procedure Part III: relationship of range with launch height Heights (m) Time(s) Range(m) 12 2.44 17.27 8 2.19 15.47 4 1.88 13.27 2 1.68 11.91 0 1.44 10.19 1. What trends (or patterns) do you see for the for the range as the launch height is changed? I noticed that the range took a downward vertical trend with decreasing height when the launch height is changed. 3

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2. When you launched from a height of 0 m, what angle did you find gave the largest range? Does that remain true as you change the launch height? Explain what you see in your data….and why. When launching from a height of 0m, the angle that allotted the greatest range is 45 degrees. It has shown across the board to be the best angle to launch for distance because it maximizes the projectile's ability to travel farther. If you angle higher, the projectile will spend time in the air, stop, and trend downward. If you angle lower, the projectile will hit the ground faster. In conclusion, I have found many of my suspicions of the relationships between speed, range, time, and height to be fairly accurate. We found that with higher speed, projectiles travel further distances in similar times. With angles, we found that the higher the angle, the less it traveled as its distance was taken up in air. The smaller the angle, it hit the ground more quickly. 45 degrees was the best angle for long distances. Lastely, we found that greater height added both longer time and distances. 4

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