Coulomb's Law

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Physics

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Apr 3, 2024

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PHYSICS II LAB Coulomb’s Law Lab The Coulomb constant “k” is named after Charles-Augustin de Coulomb. This constant is associated with the electric force and is also known as the electric force constant. When charged particles interact, a force repels or attracts the particles. For instance, two like charges (such as a proton and a proton) repel each other and travel in opposite directions and two unlike charges (such as an electron and a proton) will be attracted to each other. The electrostatic force equation is shown below: ⃗ F = k | q 1 || q 2 | r 2 Where k = 8.988 × 10 9 N .m 2 C 2 Objective: Find the Coulomb Constant. We will use the simulation Coulomb’s law on phet. Figure 1: Coulomb’s Law simulation.

PHYSICS II LAB Directions: Answer the following questions. 1. What is the equation for Coulomb’s Law and define each variable in the equation? F = k * (q1q2)/r^2 k=Coulomb’s constant q= charge r= distance between charges F= electrostatic force. 2. What is the definition electric charge? There are positive and negative charges, positive containing protons and negative containing electrons. They are the subatomic particles that create force when in an electromagnetic field. 3. As the distance between electric charges increase, the electric force: a. Increases b. Decreases c. Remains the same 4. As the distance between electric charges decrease, the electric force: a. Increases b. Decreases c. Remains the same 5. Like charges: a. Repel b. Attract c. None of these 6. Unlike charges: a. Repel

PHYSICS II LAB b. Attract c. None of these

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PHYSICS II LAB Problem: Three-point charges lie along a straight line as shown in figure 1 below, where 𝑞 1 = 6.00 𝜇𝐶 , 𝑞 2 = 1.50 𝜇𝐶 , and 𝑞 3 = −2.00 𝜇𝐶 . The separation distances are 𝑑 1 = 3.00 𝑐𝑚 and 𝑑 2 = 2.00 𝑐𝑚 . Calculate the magnitude and direction of the net electric force on: Figure 1 (a) 𝑞 1 a. 90N (b) 𝑞 2 a. 43.2 (c) 𝑞 3 a. -46.8 Show your work!!!! Procedure: 1. Open the simulation Coulomb’s law on the phet website. 2. Select Macro Scale tab. 3. Set charge 1 to 10 𝜇𝐶 and set charge 2 to 1 𝜇𝐶 . Remember 1 𝐶 = 1 × 10 −6 𝜇𝐶 4. Make sure force value box is checked. 5. In data table 1 below the separation distance “r” is given to you. Separate the charges by 10 cm. 6. Record the force value in data table 1. It does not matter which force value you use since you are only recording the magnitude of that force. 7. Repeat the process for the rest of the values.

PHYSICS II LAB 8. Record the value for the separation distance in meters. Record your values in data table 1. 9. Find 1 r 2 . Record your values in data table 1. Value of 𝑞 1 = 10 𝑞 2 = 1 r (cm) r (m) F (N) 1 r 2 ( m ¿¿ − 2 ) ¿ 10 0.1m 8.988 N 100 8 0.08 m 14.043 N 156.25 6 0.06 m 24.965N 277.78 4 0.04m 56.172 N 625 2 0.02m 224.689 N 2500 Data Analysis 1. Once you have completed data table 1 make a graph of Force vs. Separation Distance. You do not need to put an equation and R squared value on this graph.

PHYSICS II LAB 10 8 6 4 2 0 50 100 150 200 250 Force vs Seperation Distance Y-Values 2. Make a second graph of Force vs 1 r 2 . You MUST put the equation and R squared value on this graph. 3. 8.99 14.04 24.97 56.17 224.69 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Force vs 1/r^2 - Y=0.0899x-0.0001 1/r^2 (m^-2 Y-Values 4. Use the Force vs. 1 r 2 graph to find the value of the Coulomb Constant “k”. k=8.99x10^9Nm^2/C^2 ****NOTE****Submit all graphs with this assignment!!!! 5. Calculate the percentage error. The known value of 𝒌 = 𝟖 . 𝟗𝟖𝟖 × 𝟏𝟎 𝟗 N .m 2 C 2 . Use the following

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PHYSICS II LAB equation to calculate the percentage error. % error = | experimental value − accepted value | accepted value × 100% Show your work!!!!! Percent error = 0.12% [(8.999*10^9Nm^2/C^2)-(8.988*10^9Nm^2/C^2)/ (8.988*10^9Nm^2/C^2)

PHYSICS II LAB Quick Activity Watch the video “Spinning Nanofibers to Improve N-95 Masks” on electrospinning. Explain what this process is in the space provided below. How is the electric force used in this process? Video Spinning Nano fibers to improve N-95 masks https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=llqx8FfnCXs

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