Case Study 1 Questions

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School

Western Governors University *

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D025

Subject

Nursing

Date

May 24, 2024

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docx

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3

Uploaded by GrandIbex1913

Case Study 1 Questions: 1. Develop a problem list for this patient. Type 2 Diabetes Testicular hypofunction Hypertension Obesity Diabetic retinopathy Gingivitis Recurrent UTI’s Lack of screening healthcare and health maintenance due to no insurance 2. What is the priority diagnosis? The priority diagnosis for this patient is type 2 diabetes. The patient reports fatigue, increased thirst, frequent urination, blurry vision, pain when chewing, and sore bleeding gums, and diabetic retinopathy is also seen. All of these symptoms that the patient complains of have to do with diabetes. 3. Establish a differential diagnosis list and include or exclude diagnoses based on specific rationale. Hypertension: patients blood pressure in clinic was 160/90, which is considered high blood pressure. Blood pressure log should be kept seeing if this is continuous. Metabolic syndrome: large waist, obesity, high blood pressure Infection: (rule out) no recent cuts, scrapes, or reason for infection Hypothyroidism: weight gain, fatigue. TSH must be drawn Drug induced symptoms: (rule out) denies drinking, smoking, and drug use (Goyal, 2023) 4. What are the risk factors for T2DM in this patient? Overweight Hypertension Age Sedentary lifestyle Family history Poor diet ( Diabetes risk factors, 2022) 5. What are the diagnostic criteria and the specific goals of treatment for T2DM? This patient needs to have blood drawn to check his hemoglobin A1c so we can confirm he is a diabetic. Once our diagnosis is proven, we can then treat the patient. Treating diabetes involves diet, exercise, and medication. We need to educate the patient on the importance of diet and exercise to lower his blood sugar, we can also refer the patient to a dietitian who specializes in diabetes so he can have a better understanding of what he should and shouldn’t be doing. We will educate the patient on the importance of checking his blood sugar every morning and monitoring it throughout the day. The patient will be prescribed
medications such as metformin, glucagon, Ozempic, or others based off the patient and his needs. 6. What are the lifestyle modifications and pharmacological options for managing T2DM? Please be specific on what you would prescribe for this patient, including traditional and complimentary recommendations. If you are prescribing a medication, write the prescription as if you were faxing the medication into a pharmacy Lifestyle modifications: (for this specific patient) Diet Exercise Routine follow up Weight loss Medications: Metformin: I would choose this medication for this patient because it will help to control his diabetes and it is also the lowest cost diabetic medication. Due the patient not having insurance, we want him to be able to afford is medications which makes metformin the best route to begin with. -Metformin HCL 500mg tablet Take one tablet by mouth twice daily ( Metformin Dosage Guide + max dose, adjustments, n.d.) Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and dual GLP-1/gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) receptor agonists Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors Sulfonylureas Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) ( What are my options for type 2 diabetes medications? n.d.) 7. What follow-up would you recommend, and would you recommend any further laboratory and/ or diagnostic testing? (Be specific as if you are instructing a patient in the office what your plan is) The patient should follow up in three months to redraw his hemoglobin A1c and a renal function panel will be drawn due to family history of dialysis. Check blood sugar daily. Call if pt begins to experience any hypoglycemic side effects (tachycardia, sweating, headache, nausea, confusion, dizziness, tingling in extremities and lips). 8. What are the goals of treatment and the pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for this condition? Pharmacological: Hemoglobin A1c <8.0% Non-Pharmacological Weight loss Increase in physical activity
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