Teaching plan diabetes mellitus

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School

Galen College of Nursing *

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Course

NSG 3100L

Subject

Nursing

Date

Apr 29, 2024

Type

docx

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Uploaded by ChefTeam600

1 Teaching Plan Diabetes Mellitus Luis M. Ramirez Gallen Collage of Nursing Pembroke Pines Campus Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing Practice II Silvio Planas Gonzales BCN, APRN March 17, 2024

2 Teaching Plan Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes mellitus is a health condition that leads to significant health complications. The condition occurs when there is an excessively high amount of glucose in the blood. It is one of the chronic conditions affecting millions of people globally. CDC explains that in America alone, approximately 34.2 million adults have diabetes - about 13% of the population. Proper education is one effective way to manage and treat the condition, which require collaborative efforts between the healthcare provider and the patient. This essay is a teaching plan for a newly diagnosed patient with diabetes mellitus with a specific focus on the learning goals, teaching plan, learner assessment, teaching approaches, and evaluation and documentation. Learning Goals The first learning goal plan is for the patient to understand the basics of diabetes mellitus. The focus will be on the following components: diabetes mellitus overview, addressing patient needs, concerns, and knowledge gaps, and tailoring the education based on patient health literacy levels. The predicted timeframe for this topic is 30 minutes. By the end of the learning session, the patient must be able to highlight a basic understanding of diabetes mellitus, including the causes, risk factors, various types, and health implications. The second learning goal is how to perform blood glucose monitoring and medication management. This will involve educating and practically demonstrating to the patient how blood glucose is monitored and the various types of medications the patient can use. The plan will incorporate patients’ preferences and daily routines to ensure the goal is patient-centered. Additionally, this goal will align with the patient's lifestyle and abilities. The expected timeframe for this practical session is 30 minutes. By the end of the session, the patient must demonstrate

3 mastery of the correct use of blood glucose monitors, understand why taking medications is crucial, including the various types, and demonstrate an ability to incorporate glucose monitoring and medication management in everyday life/ routines. The third learning goal is to implement healthy lifestyle choices, including diet and exercise modifications. This goal's components are integrating diet and exercise into diabetes management. To ensure the goal is patient–centered, the lifestyle modification plan will be customized to align with the patient's dietary preferences, lifestyle choices, and physical abilities. I will also ensure that I recognize the patient's current exercise habits and diet, which will provide gradual and long changes. The expected timeframe for this session is 60 minutes. By the end of this session, the patients can create a personalized plan that encompasses a diabetes- friendly diet and attainable exercise routine. Teaching plan content Disease Overview Diabetes mellitus is a condition caused by a decline in insulin sensitivity. There are various types, such as type 2 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and gestational diabetes. However, the most prevalent is type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. According to Sapra and Bhandari (2023), Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) occurs when the pancreas produces insufficient insulin. It is an autoimmune health issue whereby the body attacks the beta cells in the pancreas that produce insulin and causes the pancreas to have a small amount of or no insulin. The condition is often prevalent among children. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) occurs when the pancreas does not make sufficient insulin, produces little insulin, and is not fully utilized (Sapra & Badhari, 2023). The body requires insulin that aids in glucose entering the cells and is used to

4 produce energy; thus, when there is no insulin, this leads to a build-up of glucose in the cells, which causes significant health complications. Therefore, the insulin hormone is vital in regulating blood glucose since it ensures it is thoroughly utilized by the cells for energy; however, for individuals with diabetes mellitus, this process is impaired and is the root cause of health complications in affected individuals. Diabetes mellitus is a public health issue globally and in the United States. Type 2 diabetes burden has been rising for several decades in the United States. Global deaths due to the condition have increased from 0.4 million to 0.8 million in 2020. Risk Factors The main risk factors for diabetes mellitus are obesity and being overweight, precisely type 2 diabetes. According to Rexiati et al. (2021), too much weight along the abdominal area makes muscle cells more resistant to the effects of insulin. Also, not getting enough physical activity causes excessive fatty acids to be released by the adipose tissues, which decreases muscles' sensitivity to insulin and raises the glucose levels in the blood, thus developing T2DM. Family history is also a risk factor since research shows an association between diabetes mellitus and specific genes. Additionally, ethnicity plays a role since some ethnic/racial groups have higher diabetes mellitus prevalence than others; for example, African Americans have higher diabetes mellitus rates compared to their Caucasian counterparts. Old age is also a risk factor since people above 65 years old are more susceptible to diabetes mellitus (Rexiati et al., 2021). Signs and Symptoms The most common symptoms of diabetes mellitus include frequent urination (polyuria), which is due to glucose increase in the blood, excessive thirst (polydipsia) due to frequent

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