POLICY FINAL assignment

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Sault College *

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Apr 3, 2024

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1 Policy Change Proposal Briefing Note Kanchan Bharti-23070428 Komaldeep Kaur Sandhu- 23069404 Nistha Digvijaysinh Thakore- 23069752 Kritika Singh: 23040795 Healthcare Leadership in Canadian Context, Sault College (Brampton Campus) HCA113: Policy in Health Care Ms. Amal Rezk March 12, 2024

2 CANADA’S PHARMACY POLICY: THE ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM YET IGNORED ISSUE  Having access disparities: For certain Canadians, particularly those who reside in rural or impoverished regions, it can be challenging to get pharmacy services, including prescription medications.  Absurd Medications and Limited Pharmaceutical Delivery: The rising price tag on prescription drugs is placing a financial burden on society and the healthcare system. Supply in Canada is severely low due to export restrictions on active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) as well as limited capacity to streamline the supply chain and produce domestically ( COVID- 19: Impact on Canada’s Pharmaceutical and Retail Pharmacy Industry , n.d.) BACKGROUND In the 1960’s, universal healthcare was implemented which set the groundwork for the recent situation of the healthcare system. The Medical Care Act was established for the universal coverage of healthcare. Furthermore, due to these acts, there was a dramatic change in the healthcare system of Canada stating that every resident of the country will have access to medical facilities, in addition to those which are offered by pharmacists. However, Medicinal product coverage is not included in the national health insurance program of Canada. Over time, numerous challenges have developed in medical management, like sudden increases in the cost of prescriptions, and poor accessibility. Thus, this affects patient’s health and the overall healthcare system. CURRENT STATUS Recent years have seen an expansion and evolution of the role of community pharmacists to enhance Canadians' access to primary care services. Pharmaceuticals were involved in drug administration, and health promotion plans, especially the treatment of patients. The

3 pharmaceutical sector distinguished against possessing pharmacy stores that were both available as well as maintaining the strict rules put in place that guarantee the security as well as efficient shipment of drugs (Lee et al., 2022). Recently, the Government of Canada issued the very first National Strategy in pharmaceutical uncommon conditions investing a maximum of 1.5 billion dollars over three years to increase the accessibility and treatment of rare conditions (Government of Canada Introduces Legislation for First Phase of National Universal Pharmacare, 2024). PROPOSALS  Enhancing Access to Pharmacy Services: Providing telehealth services in remote areas could make a big difference (Ontario College of Pharmacists, 2023)  Encourage local drug stores : In underserved regions, drug stores can be operated by including community pharmacy incentives in their practices (Raiche et al., 2020).  Minimizing the Market Value of Drugs: Gaining control over drug costs could Improve Canada's bargaining position with pharmaceutical companies to obtain reduced medicine prices is one way to negotiate over drug prices (Health Canada, 2017).  Strengthen the cost structure: To successfully address the demands of the Canadian pharmaceutical sector, onshore companies needs to strengthen their structure of cost and work on capital investment, while overseas APIs are being limited (Health Canada, 2019).  Optimizing Medication Management: Pharmaceutical Treatment Control Programs: Develop and reward medication management initiatives to enhance patient care and reduce medication-related problems.  Interconnected Health Information System : Promote the implementation of interoperable electronic health records to improve medication management across all healthcare settings. BENEFITS

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4  Strengthening pharmacy facilities' reach, particularly for people living in communities with limited resources.  Minimizing the price of prescription drugs for both patients and the healthcare system.  Better medicine administration results in better patient outcomes and lower medical costs. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN The implementation plan involves partnering with provinces and district authorities to provide telepharmacy services and support community pharmacies (Canadian Pharmacists Association - English, n.d.). It also involves negotiating with multinational organizations and pharmaceutical companies to lower medication fees and develop drug management programs. It also encourages the use of electronic health record systems (Raiche et al., 2020). OBSTACLES  Collecting money through telehealth and neighbourhood pharmacy services for support (Neighborhood Pharmacy Association of Canada, 2020).  Handling complicated issues with multinational healthcare regulations using discussion (Wilson et al., 2008).  Managing obstacles from various things, especially pharmaceutical manufacturers (Multi- Stakeholder Steering Committee on Drug Shortages, 2017). CONCLUSION The proposed change to Canada's healthcare pharmacy policy is an important move towards addressing the pressing issues affecting the pharmacy sector. It seeks to address the evolving needs of the Canadian populace while upholding the fundamental goals of universal healthcare, which include improved medication management, affordability, and accessibility. This strategy builds on the historical foundation of our healthcare system to revitalize and modernize the pharmacy industry. The inclusion of proposals could guarantee that the principles of accessibility and affordability continue to benefit all Canadians.

5 REFERENCES Canadian Pharmacists Association - English. (n.d.). https://www.pharmacists.ca/ COVID-19: Impact on Canada’s pharmaceutical and retail pharmacy industry . (n.d.). Deloitte Canada. https://www2.deloitte.com/ca/en/pages/life-sciences-and- healthcare/articles/covid19-impact-pharmaceutical-industry-canada.html Health Canada. (2017, January 20). Protecting Canadians from Excessive Drug Prices . Canada.ca. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/programs/consultation- regulations-patented-medicine/document.html#a9a Health Canada. (2019, August 9). Government of Canada announces changes to lower drug prices and lay the foundation for National Pharmacare. Canada.ca . https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/news/2019/08/government-of-canada- announces-changes-to-lower-drug-prices-and-lay-the-foundation-for-national- pharmacare.html Lee, S. K., Mahl, S. K., Rowe, B. H., & Lex chin, J. (2022). Pharmaceutical security for Canada. Canadian Medical Association Journal , 194 (32), E1113–E1116. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.220324 Neighborhood Pharmacy Association of Canada. (2020). neighborhood Pharmacy Gazette. Neighborhood Pharmacy Gazette https://neighbourhoodpharmacies.ca/sites/default/files/2021-01/Neighbourhood %20Pharmacy%20Gazette%20November%202020%20Issue%20F_0.pdf

6 Multi-Stakeholder Steering Committee on Drug Shortages. (2017). Preventing Drug Shortages: Identifying Risks and Strategies to Address Manufacturing-Related Drug Shortages in Canada .https://www.drugshortagescanada.ca/files/MSSC_Causes_and_Prevention_2 017.pdf Macris, J. (2023, March 23). Challenges in Pharmaceutical companies . https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/challenges-pharmaceutical-companies-joanne- macris/ Ontario College of Pharmacists. (2023, October 23). Virtual care Policy - OCPInfo.com . OCPInfo.com. https://www.ocpinfo.com/regulations-standards/practice-policies- guidelines/virtual-care-policy/ Raiche, T., Pammett, R., Dattani, S., Dolovich, L., Hamilton, K., Kennie‐Kaulbach, N., McCarthy, L., & Jorgenson, D. (2020). Community pharmacists’ evolving role in Canadian primary health care: a vision of harmonization in a patchwork system. Pharmacy Practice (Internet) , 18 (4), 2171. https://doi.org/10.18549/pharmpract.2020.4.2171 Government of Canada Introduces Legislation for First Phase of National Universal Pharmacare . (2024, February 29). Canada.ca. https://www.canada.ca/en/health- canada/news/2024/02/government-of-canada-introduces-legislation-for-first-phase-of- national-universal-pharmacar.html

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7 Raiche, T., Pammett, R., Dattani, S., Dolovich, L., Hamilton, K., Kennie‐Kaulbach, N., McCarthy, L., & Jorgenson, D. (2020). Community pharmacists’ evolving role in Canadian primary health care: a vision of harmonization in a patchwork system. Pharmacy Practice (Internet), 18(4), 2171. https://doi.org/10.18549/pharmpract.2020.4.2171 Willison, D. J., Wiktorowicz, M., Grootendorst, P., O’Brien, B. J., Levine, M., Deber, R., & Hurley, J. (2001). International experience with pharmaceutical Policy: common challenges and lessons for Canada. RePEc: Research Papers in Economics. https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:hpa:wpaper:200108 Wilson, K., Von Tigers Trom, B., & McDougall, C. W. (2008). Protecting global health security through the International Health Regulations: requirements and challenges. Canadian Medical Association Journal , 179 (1), 44 - 48. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.080516 Win, A. Z. (2017). Telepharmacy: Time to pick up the line. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 13(4), 882–883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2015.06.002

POLICY FINAL assignment

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