Heart Dissection Practice
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Florida State College at Jacksonville *
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Course
BSC2086C
Subject
Medicine
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
Pages
11
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Heart Dissection Practice
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Heart Dissection Practice
Due: 10:59pm on Monday, January 22, 2024
You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy
Dissection Video Activity: Sheep Heart (1 of 3)
Watch the animation, then answer the questions.
Part A
Name the ridged bundles of muscle found projecting inside the right atrium.
Hint 1.
The right atrium contains ridge like elevations of muscle that look like a comb.
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. The pectinate muscles are ridge like elevations of muscle. They are parallel to each other and resemble
teeth of a comb. They are easily observed inside the right atrium.
Part B
Trabeculae carneae
Pectinate muscles
Papillary muscles
Intercalated discs
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Heart Dissection Practice
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Identify the right atrioventricular valve.
Hint 1.
The right atrioventricular valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle.
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. The tricuspid valve is the atrioventricular valve located on the right side of the heart. It separates the right
atrium from the right ventricle.
Part C
Identfiy the valve located at the exit of the right ventricle.
Hint 1.
Deoxygenated blood travels through this valve as it passes out of the right ventricle.
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. The pulmonary valve is the semilunar valve found between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk.
Deoxygenated blood travels through the pulmonary valve as it exits the right side of the heart on its way to the
lungs.
Part D
The moderator band is found on both the right and left side of the heart.
Hint 1.
Tricuspid valve
Bicuspid valve
Pulmonary valve
Aortic semilunar valve
Tricuspid valve
Aortic semilunar valve
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Bicuspid valve
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Heart Dissection Practice
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The moderator band is the thick rubber band looking structure observed in the video.
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. The moderator band is a cord like structure found in the right ventricle. It contains portions of the cardiac
conduction system that help convey the electrical message for the ventricles to contract. It works as a shortcut
within the cardiac conduction system.
Part E
Oxygenated blood flows through the right side of the heart.
Hint 1.
Which side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. Oxygenated blood returning from the lungs is received by the left atrium, then to the left ventricle before
being pumped out to the body. This pathway of blood flow is known as the systemic circulation.
Dissection Video Activity: Sheep Heart (2 of 3)
Watch the animation, then answer the questions.
True
False
True
False
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Heart Dissection Practice
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Part A
Identify the most muscular chamber.
Hint 1.
Think about the size and functions of all four chambers of the heart.
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. The left ventricle is responsible for pumping blood out to the body. This requires a lot of force. The left
ventricle is the most muscular in order to pump the blood with adequate force.
Part B
Name the inner lining of the heart.
Hint 1.
The inner lining of the heart is a continuation of the same tissue that lines blood vessels.
ANSWER:
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Left atrium
Right atrium
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Heart Dissection Practice
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Correct
Correct. The endocardium is the smooth, slick lining of the chambers of the heart. Endocardium is a continuation
of endothelium that lines blood vessels. Both endocardium and endothelium are composed of simple squamous
epithelial tissue, which minimizes friction between the wall of the chamber/vessel and the blood.
Part C
Identify the valve found between the left atrium and left ventricle.
Hint 1.
The valves separating the atria from the ventricles are known as atrioventricular valves.
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. The atrioventricular valve on the left is the bicuspid valve. The mitral valve is also called the mitral valve.
Part D
What heart chamber pushes blood through the aortic semilunar valve?
Hint 1.
Does oxygenated or deoxygenated blood pass through the aorta?
ANSWER:
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
Pericardium
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve
Bicuspid (mitral) valve
Tricuspid valve
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Heart Dissection Practice
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Correct
Correct. The aortic valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta. The left ventricle pumps oxygenated
blood out of the heart through the aortic valve to the body.
Part E
Name the irregular ridges of muscle lining the ventricles that are not indirectly to the atrioventricular values.
Hint 1.
These ridges of muscle are named after their irregular ridge-like appearance.
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. Trabeculae carneae are the small elevated ridges of muscle arranged in a web type fashion found in both
the right and left ventricles.
Part F
What fibrous structure functions to anchor the atrioventricular valves in a closed position?
Hint 1.
During ventricular contraction, pressure in the ventricles increase above atrial pressure. Reinforcement is needed to
keep the atrioventricular valves closed at this time, preventing backflow of blood into the atrium.
ANSWER:
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Papillary muscles
Pectinate muscles
Trabeculae carneae
Chordae tendineae
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Correct
Correct. Chordae tendineae are the fibrous cords that attach the atrioventricular valves to papillary muscles. They
help anchor the atrioventricular valves in a closed position during ventricular contraction.
Part G
Blood on the right never mixes with blood on the left, once the heart is fully developed.
Hint 1.
During fetal development, there is communication between the right and left sides of the heart. Does this mixing
continue throughout life?
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. Once fetal modifications (i.e. foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus) close following delivery of the infant, blood
on the right side of the heart should not mix with blood on the left side of the heart.
Dissection Video Activity: Sheep Heart (3 of 3)
Watch the animation, then answer the questions.
Trabeculae carneae
Papillary muscle
Moderator band
Chordae tendineae
True
False
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Heart Dissection Practice
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Part A
What is the function of the coronary circulation?
Hint 1.
Vessels of the coronary circulation can be observed on the surface of the heart itself.
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. The coronary circulation provides oxygenated blood to the heart through coronary arteries. Coronary
veins return the deoxygenated from the heart to the coronary sinus on the posterior surface of the heart. The
coronary sinus empties the deoxygenated blood directly into the right atrium where it joins deoxygenated from the
body.
Part B
What is the ligamentum arteriosum?
Hint 1.
Think about the location of the ligamentum arteriosum.
ANSWER:
Provide a blood supply to the pericardium
Provide a blood supply to the aortic arch
Provide a blood supply to the lungs
Provide a blood supply to the heart
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Heart Dissection Practice
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Correct
Correct. The ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant of the ductus arteriosus. The ductus arteriosus is a fetal shunt
that connects the pulmonary trunk to the aorta.
Part C
Which chamber of the heart exits into the pulmonary trunk?
Hint 1.
Is the pulmonary trunk carrying oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary
trunk to be distributed to the lungs.
Part D
Identify the ear like flaps that are attached to the top chambers of the heart.
Hint 1.
The top two chambers of the heart are the right and left atria.
ANSWER:
A remnant of the ductus arteriosus
A ligament attaching the aorta to the superior vena cava
A remnant of the foramen ovale
A ligament securing the aorta
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Left atrium
Right ventricle
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Heart Dissection Practice
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Correct
Correct. The auricles are flap like extensions of the atria that are observed on the external surface of the heart.
Part E
The first branch off the arch of the aorta is the brachiocephalic artery in both the sheep and the human.
Hint 1.
Recall the great vessels that exit of the aortic arch in a human.
ANSWER:
Correct
Correct. In both the sheep and human, the brachiocephalic artery is the first major vessel to exit the arch of the
aorta. Further branching of the brachiocephalic artery and the arch of the aorta differs between a sheep and a
human.
Part F
The base of the heart is located at the bottom of the heart.
Hint 1.
The base of an organ is the widest end of the organ.
ANSWER:
Auricle
Atrium
Pectinate muscles
Coronary sinus
False
True
True
False
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Heart Dissection Practice
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Correct
Correct. The base is located at the top of the heart. It is unusual to see the largest portion of an organ at the top.
Typically, the base is at the bottom of an organ, as in the lungs.
Score Summary:
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