Measures of effect Quiz
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Florida International University *
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Course
6000
Subject
Mathematics
Date
Apr 3, 2024
Type
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8
Uploaded by gschim
Question 1 Not yet graded / 1 pts Construct a 2x2 table, including column and row totals, using the following information. A junior high school has 800 students. A total of 300 students were depressed. (Yes, that is a huge number). By gender, 330 were boys and 470 were girls. Among boys, 50 were depressed and 280 were not depressed. Among girls, 250 were depressed and 220 were not depressed. Hint: « draw and label the table rows and columns « try filling in the row and column totals « use the rest of the information to fill in the individual cells (The table format does not show up in the answer box. | am copying it to the last question, so you can see the formatted table). Your Answer: Depression (+) (-) Girls (+) 250 220 470 Boys (-) 50 280 330 300 500 800 The table should look similar to this. Drepression (+) (<) Girls (+) 250 220 470 Boys (-) 50 280 330 300 500 800
Question 2 0/1pts What is the prevalence of depression among boys (risk)? /ers 15% 50/(50+280)=.15=15% Question 3 0/1pts What is the prevalence of depression among girls? /ers 53% 250/(250+220)=0.53=53%
Question 4 0/1pts What is the relative risk, if we consider being female is a risk factor for having depression? (Note: since these are prevalences, it technically is "risk", a more appropriate term would be "prevalence ratio". But, the calculation and interpretation are very similar. This nuance will be more apparent later in modules 6 and 7) D 3.54 s 3.53 (250/(250+220)) / (50/(50+280)) = 3.53 o g 1 el
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Question 5 Not yet graded / 1 pts How would you interpret this RR? Your Answer: Since the Risk Ratio is above 1 we can say that students who are female have a greater risk of developing depression than males. If we take 3.54 - 1 we get 2.54. Meaning being female predisposes a student to depression by 254% girls are 3.53 times more likely to have depression compared to boys. alternatively the risk of depression is 3.53 times greater among girls compared to boys.
Question 6 0/1pts Let's look at it in another way. What is the relative risk, if we consider being male is a risk factor for having depression? .28 s 0.28 (50/(50+280)) / (250/(250+220)) = .28 or.15/.53=.28 Question 7 Not yet graded / 1 pts How would you interpret this relative risk? Your Answer: Since the Risk Ratio is below 1 we can say that students who are male have a lower risk of developing depression than females. If we take 1 - .28 we get .72. Meaning being male makes a student less likely to develop depression by 72% Males are 0.28 times as likely to be depressed compared to women.
The following questions deal with this table. E. coli infection Visit petting zoo Case (+) Control (-) (+) 36 64 100 (-) 9 123 132 45 187 Question 8 1/1pts Compute the odds of exposure among the cases. ers 4 36/9=4
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Question 9 0/1pts Compute the odds of exposure among the controls D - wers 0.52 64 /123 = 0.520 Question 10 1/1pts Compute the odds ratio of exposure among the cases compared with the controls. B . | wers 7.69 4 /0.520=7.69 alternatively: ad/bc or (36*123)/(9°64) = 7.69
Question 11 Not yet graded / 1 pts Interpret the above odds ratio Your Answer: An odds ratio of greater than 1, in this case we have an odds ratio of 7.69, means that those who were exposed to a petting zoo were 7.69 times more likely to develop e. coli. The odds of visiting the petting zoo among children with E. Coli was 7.69 greater than the odds of visiting the petting zoo among children without E. Coli.