gp-2603-l04-1dkinematics

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GP 2603 L04 1DKinematics Introductory to Phisics (National University (California)) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university GP 2603 L04 1DKinematics Introductory to Phisics (National University (California)) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by thao yang (tyang87@iclpoud.com) lOMoARcPSD|19832313

1-D Kinematics PRE-LAB QUESTIONS 1. What does a positive and negative slope represent for a velocity versus time graph? 9.8 m/s^2 is the acceleration, it is a constant force. 2. A ball is tossed vertically into the air. What is its acceleration at maximum height? At the maximum height, the acceleration of the ball is equal to the acceleration due to gravity but is directed downward. 3. If you drop a ball, and then one second later drop a ball identical in mass, size and shape, what happens to the distance between them as they fall? The distance between the two balls would be the same. If the ball was a different mass, size and shape the ball would have a completely different distance. 4. Derive the second kinematic equation by integration of the first kinematic equation. Derive the third kinematic equation by using algebra to combine the first and second kinematic equations. The second kinematic equation of motion can be obtained by integrating the first kinematic equation, by using the velocity definition. It is,s=ut+12at2. The third kinematic equation which is obtained by solving the first two equations algebraically is,v^2−u^2=2as. 5. Predict and construct the position, velocity, and acceleration vs. time graphs for a ball tossed in the air. ©eScience Labs, 2014 Downloaded by thao yang (tyang87@iclpoud.com) lOMoARcPSD|19832313

1-D Kinematics EXPERIMENT 1: DISTANCE OF FREE FALL Data Sheet Table 1. Washer Free Fall Data Trial Drop Height (m) Time (s) 1 1.5 0.45 2 1.5 0.55 3 1.6 0.51 Average 4.7 1.51 Auditory Observations of Equally Spaced Hex Nut Pattern: Each clang was equally spaced and would get louder each time when the hex nuts hit the pan when the height it causes to make it much louder. Auditory Observations of Unequally Spaced Hex Nut Pattern: The first clang was somewhat fast while the others were spaced out and got louder. Post-Lab Questions 1. Record your hypothesis from Step 1 here. Use evidence from your results to explain if your hypothesis was supported or not. My hypothesis from step 1 was that the sound of the hex nut evenly spaced out on a string will have the same sound pattern as they hit the pan. The results prove that my hypothesis was right. ©eScience Labs, 2014 Downloaded by thao yang (tyang87@iclpoud.com) lOMoARcPSD|19832313

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1-D Kinematics 2. Describe the noise patterns for equally spaced hex nuts and unequally spaced hex nuts. The difference was the sound patterns. Equally spaced hex nuts have equally spaced while unequally spaced hex nuts have unequally spaced noise. 3. If the noise patterns were different, explain why. If they were similar, explain why. What caused the different noise patterns were the different heights the hex nuts were dropped from. 4. Identify the independent and dependent variables in the experiment. independent variable causes an effect on the dependent variable. In the experiment the independent variable is the hex nuts, ©eScience Labs, 2014 Downloaded by thao yang (tyang87@iclpoud.com) lOMoARcPSD|19832313

1-D Kinematics EXERCISE 1: 1-D MOTION GRAPHS Data Tables and Post-Lab Assessment Part 1: Position vs. Time 1. For each position vs. time graph (Graph 1 and Graph 2), describe how you would walk in order to replicate the 1-D motion graph. Use words such as away, toward, standing still, speeding up, slowing down, constant speed. Be specific with your time periods. 2. For each position vs. time graph, create the corresponding velocity and acceleration vs. time graphs. Construct your graph on a computer program such as Microsoft Excel®. If you do not have a graphing program installed on your computer, you can access one on the internet via the following links: http://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/ or http://www.onlinecharttool.com/graph? selected_graph=bar. ©eScience Labs, 2014 Downloaded by thao yang (tyang87@iclpoud.com) lOMoARcPSD|19832313

1-D Kinematics Velocity determines the position time graph's slope. About the first graph, The 0 to 2range possesses a negative slope. v=0−7.52=−3.75ms t=2→=t=6sec Despite the Slope 0, there is no velocity, t=4.5sec→=t=6sec The slope continues to rise. The speed is gonna pick up. Let a be acceleration in this interval, s=ut+at^2 5= 0 + a× ¿¿ a=4.44mm2 Then velocity at t=6sec, Velocity (m/s)time4.5686.67-3.75 m/s2 V = 0 + at = 4.44 x (6 – 4.5) V = 6.67 m/s The velocity-time graph shows that Acceleration is indicated by the velocity-time graph's slope. T=0 to t=2 The velocity-time graph exhibits zero slopes. Then acceleration is zero, T=2to t=4.5sec Acceleration is0 still the slope of the velocity-time graph is zero. ©eScience Labs, 2014 Downloaded by thao yang (tyang87@iclpoud.com) lOMoARcPSD|19832313

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1-D Kinematics T=4.5sec to t=6sec Acceleration can be observed above. ©eScience Labs, 2014 Downloaded by thao yang (tyang87@iclpoud.com) lOMoARcPSD|19832313

1-D Kinematics Part 2: Velocity vs. Time 1. For each velocity vs. time graph (Graph 3 and 4), describe how you would walk in order to replicate the 1-D motion graph. Use words such as away, toward, at rest, speeding up, slowing down, constant speed. Be specific with your time periods. 2. For each velocity vs. time graph, create the corresponding position and acceleration versus time graphs. Construct your graph on a computer program such as Microsoft Excel®. If you do not have a graphing program installed on your computer, you can access one on the internet via the following links: http://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/ or http://www.onlinecharttool.com/graph?selected_graph=bar . 3. For the velocity vs. time graphs, calculate the area under the graph. ©eScience Labs, 2014 Downloaded by thao yang (tyang87@iclpoud.com) lOMoARcPSD|19832313

1-D Kinematics St=0 to t=3 The position-time graph's slope gradually rises. Then velocity increases. Let a represent the object's acceleration. Suppose zero initial velocity s=ut+ at 2 2 5 = 0 + a x ¿¿ A1 = 1.11 m/s Velocity att=3sec v=0+1.11×3=3.33ms From t=3sec to 6sec, The velocity slope begins to fall consequently, speed would drop. displacement throughout this time. △ s1=10−5=5m5=3.33×t+at22t=6−3=3sec 5=3.33×3+a×3^2/2 a=−1.11ms2 The slope is zero at t=6sec, Velocity at t=6 is zero. ©eScience Labs, 2014 Downloaded by thao yang (tyang87@iclpoud.com) lOMoARcPSD|19832313

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1-D Kinematics 4. Once you have completed motion graphs for Graph 4, mathematically explain the relationship between the area under the curve and displacement. ©eScience Labs, 2014 Downloaded by thao yang (tyang87@iclpoud.com) lOMoARcPSD|19832313

1-D Kinematics a. Hint : You may assume perfect shapes for rectangles and squares. ©eScience Labs, 2014 Downloaded by thao yang (tyang87@iclpoud.com) lOMoARcPSD|19832313

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