Exploring Team Roles and Conflict Management in IPE Collaboration

Team 4 Hannah, Miah, Kristen, Ashley, Ashley, Bethany, Kaitlyn

IPE •Interprofessional education (IPE): Students from two or more professions learn about, from, and with each other to enable effective collaboration and improve health outcomes

Team Composition - Belbin Roles ● Hannah: Shaper ○ According to Belbin, a Shaper is typically a person who provides the necessary drive to finish the job. ● Kaitlyn: Coordinator ○ According to Belbin, a coordinator is mature, confident, good at clarifying goals and a great delegator. ● Bethany, Ashley S., & Ashley C. : Team Worker ○ According to Belbin, a team worker is co-operative, perceptive, and able to listen and avoid friction within the group. ● Kristen: Plant ○ According to Belbin, a plant is creative, generates ideas, and problem solves within the group. ● Miah: Implementer ○ According to Belbin, An implementer is practical, reliable, efficient, and turns ideas into actions while organizing work that needs to be done. (Belbin Team Roles, 2014)

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How did these roles shape our team? ● Since most of us had a different role, each individual brought a unique perspective to the team. ● Our team was able to complete assignments efficiently and effectively. ● Areas that some individuals lacked, others were able to bring forth to the group. ● We were able to role model to one another. ● Kaitlyn is confident and was not afraid to delegate tasks; allowing each team member to have a role. Kristen was able to generate creative ideas within the group and was able to demonstrate her problem solving abilities during our clinical. Miah was practical about the work that needed to be done and was reliable when it came to finishing tasks. Beth, Ashley S, and Ashley C were all very co- operative team members who were able to effectively work within the group and create a friendly work environment. Hannah has the necessary drive to finish the job and was consistently on task.

Team Composition- Thomas Kilmann Conflict Management Styles ● Hannah: Collaborating ● Miah: Collaborating ● Ashley S: Collaborating ● Kaitlyn: Competing ● Kristen: Competing/Avoiding ● Bethany: Accommodating ● Ashley C: Collaborating (Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument, n.d.)

How Does Our Team Deal With Conflict? Our team had all four conflict styles! Collaborating - Open to working together to come up with a solution. Competing- Believes they are right and will not waver. Accommodating - Prefers to not have conflict and will get over conflict to carry on with work. Avoiding - Will not address the issue, remains quiet and listens. ● Our team luckily did not have any conflicts that required us to respond with these conflict management styles.

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“A team is a group of people who are interdependent with respect to information, resources and skills and who seek to combine their efforts to achieve a common goal.” (Thompson, 2011, pp.4)

Best Team 1 . Common purpose: Team members generate a common and clearly defined purpose that includes collective interests and demonstrates shared ownership. 2. Measurable goals: Teams set goals that are measurable and focused on the team’s task. 3. Effective leadership : Teams require effective leadership that set and maintain structures, manage conflict, listen to members and trust and support members. The authors also highlighted the importance of teams to agree and share leadership functions. 4. Effective communication : Good teams share ideas and information quickly and regularly, keep written records as well as allow time for team reflection. Some of the most in-depth analysis of interprofessional team communication has occurred in high stakes teams such as are found in surgery [20,21]. 5. Good cohesion : Cohesive teams have a unique and identifiable team spirit and commitment and have greater longevity as teams members want to continue working together. 6. Mutual respect: Effective teams have members who respect the talents and beliefs of each person in addition to their professional contributions. In addition, effective teams accept and encourage a diversity of opinion among members. (WHO, 2015)- week 6

Strategies team members can use to become the “best team” To create teamwork, team members and leaders must engage in the basics, which include: · Introducing themselves to one another · Knowing one another’s jobs and understanding how they interact · Sharing not only common goals but also information · Listening to one another and acknowledging and respecting one another’s concerns · Viewing other team members as resources, not competitors · Cross-monitoring one another so as to prevent and manage any errors · Together recognizing and overcoming any obstacles · Acknowledging the roles and contributions of other teammates (Ross & Gordon, 2012)- week 7

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How Do We Measure Up? ● Our team fits the selected definition of a team. ● We all work together to achieve a common goal. ● Our common purpose has remained the same throughout the semester ● Although we have not held a constant leader throughout the entire semester we have a leader in each task that we do. ● Our communication could be better as a team as it is hard to communicate with others in a different profession and school. ○ We did create a FB page to improve communication ● We worked together to cope with obstacles (community clinical, Sim) ● Our respect for one another is impeccable. ○ We always listen to each other and wait for our chance to speak.

How Do We Measure Up? Team example Town Epidemic Activity: Quarantine ● Respect by not talking over one another ● Collaboration ● “Cross-monitoring one another so as to prevent, manage, and contain error” team strategy ○ made a few choices that as a group we would not make now ○ still in stage of developing “Best Team” ○ trying to avoid conflict, which lead to not voicing opinions that could make a difference in our decisions as a team Team building Activity: Sheet Flip ● Our team set a goal; To be first to be done! ● Only had one leader directing ● We exhibited good cohesion in this activity by: ○ Competitive

How do we measure up? Team example Community Clinical ● OT students took over the initial interaction with client. ● OT students displayed confidence and helped the other students feel more comfortable ● Team came up with an innovative way to make communication easier for client. * This has not been implemented yet ● Team worked together and all members had the chance to provide feedback during debrief. ● Team was respectful and professional. ● Team asked a lot of great questions to gather information before the interview began. ● The SOAP note took in all perspectives

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Conclusion Areas we were successful: ● Collaborating on SOAP notes and assignments ● Allowing various ideas to be heard and incorporated ● Consistent respect for one another despite different views Areas to improve: ● Communication between members of the group ● Our team could have put more effort into working face to face (worked mostly on google docs)

Favorite Thing about IPE Miah: Learning about other healthcare professions and the role they play in various healthcare settings. I also liked having a professor who was not an RN. Ashley S: Participating in open conversations in class with different healthcare professions. Bethany: It was interesting to have a class with other healthcare professions and learn their role in healthcare. Hannah: The community clinical brought out collaboration in areas that were different from our traditional roles. Ashley C: It was interesting to learn about the different programs and professions in class, and it was nice to see how well we all get along with each other. Kaitlyn A: My favorite thing about IPE was the interactive clinicals with all the professions. Kristen: The clinical was my favorite.

References Belbin Team Roles. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.belbin.com/rte.asp?id=8 Ross, K., & Gordon S. (2012). Chapter 11 - On teams, teamwork, and team intelligence. In Ross, K., & Suzanne, G., (Eds.). First, do less harm (1st ed.). (pp.196-220) . Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, ILR Press. Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://academic.engr.arizona.edu/vjohnson/ConflictManagementQuestionnaire/ConflictManagementQuestionnaire. asp Thompson, L. (2011). Making the team: A guide for managers (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Prentice Hall. World Health Organization. (2015). Topic 4: Being an effective team player. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/patientsafety/education/curriculum/who_mc_topic-4.pdf

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