Chapter 1 Homeland Security
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University of North Carolina, Pembroke *
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Information Systems
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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docx
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Uploaded by DeanSalmon3953
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Chapter 1
Aleaha Blue
Instructor Jesse McQueen CRJ-4210-800
The University of North Carolina at Pembroke
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1.
Homeland security is a new concept that exits to safeguard the domestic security of the
United States and broadly promote the stability of society when man made, and natural
disasters occur. Homeland security was originally configured to describe national
responses to domestic terrorist incidents in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001,
terrorist attacks, it was conceptionally expanded after Hurricane Katrina in 2005 to
include preparedness and recovery from natural and hazard related incidents (Martin,
2019, p. 3). There are several concepts that continue to influence the ongoing evolution of
homeland security in the modern era. Understanding the elements that help define
homeland security is important and there are central components that frame the
definitional discussion. This includes, the terrorist threat, the federal bureaucracy, state
and local agencies, the integration of homeland security interventions, and agreement on
conceptual foundations for comprehensive homeland security (Martin, 2019, p.20).
2.
The successful hunt of Osama Bin Laden effected domestic homeland security in a
positive way by ending an intensive manhunt for the most wanted terrorist leader in the
world. This successful hunt originated from fragments of information that gleaned during
interrogations of prisoners over several years that resulted in them finding out that Bin
Laden used couriers to communicate with other operatives. Finding out about one of the
couriers, locating him, and following him led U.S. intelligence operatives believed
Osama bin Laden lived in the location they followed his courier too and they were in fact
right. When the U.S. naval special forces team went in, Osama was found and killed
amongst others during the raid (Martin, 2019, p. 7).
3.
The threat of a catastrophic terror attack is serious due to one of the biggest terrorists
attacks the U.S. encountered on September 11, 2001, the 9/11 terrorist attacks. The
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modern homeland security environment was created as a direct result of the terrorist
attack that occurred on this day (Martin, 2019 p.10). Threat of a terrorist attack cannot be
taken lightly, there were thousands of lives taken on this one day. Subsequent attempts by
violent extremists to launch domestic strikes have necessitated an unending effort to
design and apply innovative domestic security polices and initiatives. As a result, verified
conspiracies from international and domestic extremists have been detected and thwarted
by law enforcement and intelligence agencies (Martin, 2019, p.11). Domestic security
and protecting the homeland from terrorist threats must be considered core concepts
when defining homeland security. These core definitional concepts embody the central
mission of the homeland security community at all levels of government. The continuing
expansion of homeland security will incorporate additional missions, the central focus is
on protection from violent extremism is an enduring and basic definitional component
(Martin, 2019, p. 12-13).
4.
Alternative sources of leadership other than the executive branch are not viable centers
for framing homeland security policy. An example of this conciliatory options which
consists of negotiating with terrorists, concessionary options that include demands being
accommodated, and social reform that includes addressing the grievances of terrorists and
their groups (Martin, 2019, p.19-20). When someone becomes a terrorist, they should not
be given any of these options. There is no reason the United States should be going out of
their way to accommodate terrorists or the groups they are associated with.
5.
The Quadrennial Homeland Security Review Report is a document published by the
Department of Homeland Security intending to consolidate the definition of homeland
security by presenting the concept as encompassing a broader and more comprehensive
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mission then previously envisioned. The OSHR is a documentary acknowledgement that
homeland security is evolving conceptually (Martin, 2019, p.13). The United States must
continuously build on the homeland security concept each time something occurs. When
homeland security first came about it was concerning the 9/11 attacks but since then the
homeland security enterprise embodies the trend toward encompassing other domestic
emergencies. The historical perspectives on homeland security in the United States are
useful in combating threats to our homeland by it continuously changing. After 9/11
happened, the new concept of homeland security became a part of everyday life and
culture (Martin, 2019, p.21).
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References
Martin, G. (2019). Understanding homeland security. SAGE.